Background:
Perturbation of nucleic acids structures and confirmation by small
molecules through intercalation binding is an intriguing application in anticancer therapy. The planar
aromatic moiety of anticancer agents was inserted between DNA base pairs leading to change in the
DNA structure and subsequent functional arrest.
Objective:
The final scaffold of the target compounds was annulated and linked to a benzotriazole
ring. These new pharmacophoric features were examined as antiviral and anticancer agents against
MCF7 and their effect on DNA damage was also assessed.
Methods:
A new series of fully substituted 2-oxopyridine/2-thioxopyridine derivatives tethered to a
benzotriazole moiety (4a-h) was synthesized through Michael cyclization of synthesized α,β-
unsaturated compounds (3a-e) with appropriate active methylene derivatives. The DNA damage
study was assessed by comet assay. In silico DNA molecular docking was performed using Open
Eye software to corroborate the experimental results and to understand molecule interaction at the
atomic level.
Results:
The highest DNA damage was observed in Doxorubicin, followed by 4h, then, 4b, 4g, 4f,
4e, and 4d. The docking study showed that compound 4h formed Hydrogen Bonds (HBs) as a
standard ligand with GSK-3. Compound 4h was the most active compound against rotavirus Wa,
HAVHM175, and HSV strains with a reduction of 30%, 40%, and 70%, respectively.
Conclusion:
Compound 4h was the most active compound and could act as a prospective lead
molecule for anticancer agent.