Review—A Pollutant Gas Sensor Based On Fe₃O₄ Nanostructures: A Review

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanostructures and their modifications with other materials show proper characteristics to be implemented as a sensing material. This paper provides a brief review of the application of the Fe3O4 nanostructures and their modifications as sensitive material for pollutant gas sensors. Several studies were highlighted to explain the past-to-present progress of materials development. Various synthesis procedures of the materials were also clearly explained. The application of pure Fe3O4 nanostructures and their modification as sensitive materials in gas sensor devices to detect toxic gases is the main section of this paper. Last, the future prospects section summarized the materials’ development and provided a suggestion for future development.

Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Structures, Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, Surface Functionalization, and Emerging Applications

“…Other reviews have focused on special physical properties or effects, such as the Verwey transition [19] and exchange bias effects [16], which provide opportunities to integrate Fe 3 O 4 NPs in electronic devices and physical instruments. Recently, Siregar et al highlighted the use of Fe 3 O 4 nanostructures in pollutant gas sensor systems [39], and Liu et al reviewed synthetic methods and applications of Fe 3 O 4 in multiple fields [18]. Despite the numerous available reviews, a comprehensive review focusing on the relationship of sizes and shapes (geometries) with the magnetic properties of Fe 3 O 4 NPs, synthetic methods targeting each specific size and shape of Fe 3 O 4 NPs, and preparations of appropriate nanoparticle systems for targeted applications is still needed [40][41][42][43][44].…”

Multifunctional Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Additionally, their capacity to produce heat when subjected to an oscillating magnetic field makes them suitable as antitumor therapeutic agents [7,9]. Due to their good magnetic properties, excellent biocompatibility, and low cast, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are the most commonly used magnetic nanomaterials and have been extensively explored in a wide range of fields, including biomedical, sensing, environmental science, energy storage, and electronic devices [5,6,8,10]. Although magnetic IONPs can be used for a variety of applications in biomedicine, most practical applications require IONP platforms that perform several tasks in parallel.…”

“…Materials 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 50 range of fields, including biomedical, sensing, environmental science, energy storage, and electronic devices [5,6,8,10]. Although magnetic IONPs can be used for a variety of applications in biomedicine, most practical applications require IONP platforms that perform several tasks in parallel.…”

Ultrasensitive Molecular Detection at Subpicomolar Concentrations by the Diffraction Pattern Imaging with Plasmonic Metasurfaces and Convex Holographic Gratings

“…Due to the unique capabilities of manipulating light scattering in the subwavelength regime, metasurfaces with metallic and dielectric nanophotonic structures have emerged as promising techniques in many nanophotonic applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ] The subwavelength light scattering of metasurfaces is highly localized in the vicinity of the nanostructure and is highly sensitive to the geometry of the structure and local environment, which makes them excellent for the refractometric sensing of thin‐layer substances attached to the nanostructures of metasurfaces. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ] Benefiting from the highly concentrated electric field on the subwavelength nanophotonic structures of metasurfaces, numerous dielectric and plasmonic metasurface‐based sensors have been intensively investigated for the detection of gaseous chemicals, [ 14 ] biomolecules, [ 12 , 15 , 16 ] environmental pollutants, [ 17 , 18 ] and corrosion. [ 19 ] Generally, spectroscopic characterizations are utilized to record spectral changes of the metasurfaces, such as shifts in the resonant wavelength, caused by the existence of attached substances.…”