Review and comparison of bi-directional AC-DC converters with V2G capability for on-board EV and HEV

Koushki, Behnam; Safaee, Alireza; Jain, Praveen; Bakhshai, Alireza

doi:10.1109/itec.2014.6861779

Cited by 41 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The third one shows a system employing fuel cells, and battery for backup. In [113], Koushki et al, classified bidirectional AC-DC converters into two main groups: Low frequency AC-High frequency AC-DC (Figure 57), and Low frequency AC-DC-High frequency AC-DC (Figure 58). The first kind can also be called single-stage converters where the latter may be described as two-stage, which can be justified from their topologies.…”

Section: Converters For Wired Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

et al. 2017

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Electric vehicles (EV), including Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid ElectricVehicle (PHEV), Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), are becoming more commonplace in the transportation sector in recent times. As the present trend suggests, this mode of transport is likely to replace internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles in the near future. Each of the main EV components has a number of technologies that are currently in use or can become prominent in the future. EVs can cause significant impacts on the environment, power system, and other related sectors. The present power system could face huge instabilities with enough EV penetration, but with proper management and coordination, EVs can be turned into a major contributor to the successful implementation of the smart grid concept. There are possibilities of immense environmental benefits as well, as the EVs can extensively reduce the greenhouse gas emissions produced by the transportation sector. However, there are some major obstacles for EVs to overcome before totally replacing ICE vehicles. This paper is focused on reviewing all the useful data available on EV configurations, battery energy sources, electrical machines, charging techniques, optimization techniques, impacts, trends, and possible directions of future developments. Its objective is to provide an overall picture of the current EV technology and ways of future development to assist in future researches in this sector.

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Section: Converters For Wired Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

et al. 2017

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“…The current filter or ac filters comprise the inductor (L), capacitor (C), LC or LCL. The objective of these filters is to limit the supply current response in its grid-supplied shape while injecting the high-density dc into the battery or next stage [36]. At low power and high operating frequencies, the capacitor input filter can also serve this purpose.…”

Section: Battery Charging Schemes In Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the converters can be bidirectional if the application is meant for vehicle-to-grid (V2G). Grid interconnected bidirectional ac-dc converters suffer from issues such as frequency synchronisation (with grid), PFC, and high-quality isolation, thus compromising with the cost and weight [8,11,36,37].…”

Section: Electric Vehicle Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery charging topology, infrastructure, and standards for electric vehicle applications: A comprehensive review

Kumar

Usman

Rajpurohit

2021

IET Energy Syst Integration

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The proposed study reports the essential parameters required for the battery charging schemes deployed for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. Due to efficient power delivery, cost-effectiveness, and environmental acclimation, EVs have emerged as a suitable alternative to the Internal Combustion (IC)-based engines. However, prominent challenges for leveraging the EVs are the suitable availability of battery charging infrastructure for high energy/power density battery packs and efficient charging topologies. Despite the challenges, EVs are gradually being implemented across the globe to avoid oil dependency, which currently has a 5%-7% decline rate of post-peak production. The vast deployment of EVs as private and commercial vehicles has created a major challenge for the grids in maintaining the power quality and peak load demand. This study, therefore, reviews the various battery charging schemes (battery charger) and their impact when used in EV and Hybrid EVapplications. The available constituents of the battery chargers such as ac-dc/dcdc converter topologies, modulations, and control techniques are illustrated in detail. The comprehensive study classifies the charging topologies depending upon the power and charging level. Some appropriate battery charging converter topologies that are suitable for domestic, industrial, and commercial applications like EVs are suggested in the study. In addition, a decision-making inference is developed through a flow chart that decides on the suitable selection of the converter topology based on the required applications. Furthermore, the charging infrastructures along with the converters' design standards are also discussed concisely, which adds a significant contribution to the review article. K E Y W O R D SAC-DC power converter, battery charger, charging station, DC-DC power converters, electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…The equivalent consumption minimization strategy is proposed to distribute the power between the battery and UC in a series HEV [140]. Other HESS like UC with the FC has also been adopted in few cases, and one of such combination is interfaced using the ant colony method in [141]. A dynamic MPC is designed for FC-UC hybrid, which maintains load side requirement and voltage across UC.…”

Section: Impedance Source Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on hybrid electric vehicles: architectures and components

2019

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The rapid consumption of fossil fuel and increased environmental damage caused by it have given a strong impetus to the growth and development of fuelefficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have evolved from their inchoate state and are proving to be a promising solution to the serious existential problem posed to the planet earth. Not only do HEVs provide better fuel economy and lower emissions satisfying environmental legislations, but also they dampen the effect of rising fuel prices on consumers. HEVs combine the drive powers of an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine. The main components of HEVs are energy storage system, motor, bidirectional converter and maximum power point trackers (MPPT, in case of solar-powered HEVs). The performance of HEVs greatly depends on these components and its architecture. This paper presents an extensive review on essential components used in HEVs such as their architectures with advantages and disadvantages, choice of bidirectional converter to obtain high efficiency, combining ultracapacitor with battery to extend the battery life, traction motors' role and their suitability for a particular application. Inclusion of photovoltaic cell in HEVs is a fairly new concept and has been discussed in detail. Various MPPT techniques used for solar-driven HEVs are also discussed in this paper with their suitability. Keywords Hybrid electric vehicle Á Hybrid energy storage system Á Architecture Á Traction motors Á Bidirectional converter Abbreviations and symbols ABS Antilock braking system AC Alternating current ADTR Antidirectional-twin-rotary ADVISOR Advanced vehicle simulator ANN Artificial neural network ASCI Auto-sequential commutated mode singlephase inverter BEV Battery electric vehicle BLDC Brushless DC motor CD Charge depletion CDFIM Cascaded DFIM CF-qZSI Current-fed quasi-ZSI CMPPT Centralized MPPT CS Charge sustaining CSI Current source inverter CS-PMSM Compound-structure PMSM CVT Continuous variable transmission DC Direct current DFIM Doubly fed induction motor DMPPT Distributed MPPT DRM Double-rotor machines DTC Direct torque control e-CVT Electronic continuous variable transmission EM Electric motor EMS Energy management system EREV Extended range electric vehicle ESS Energy storage system EV Electric vehicle FC Fuel cell

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Review and comparison of bi-directional AC-DC converters with V2G capability for on-board EV and HEV

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

Battery charging topology, infrastructure, and standards for electric vehicle applications: A comprehensive review

A comprehensive review on hybrid electric vehicles: architectures and components

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