Review and Comparison of Power Management Approaches for Hybrid Vehicles with Focus on Hydraulic Drives

Karbaschian, Mohammad Ali; Söffker, Dirk

doi:10.3390/en7063512

Cited by 57 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, the fuel economic gear-shift schedule is neglected [7]. From the economic as well as ecologic points of view, the reduction of fuel consumption in operating of tractor-implement combinations is considered as increasingly important [15,16]. The gear-shift schedule largely determines the economic performance of a vehicle with stepped transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Economic Comprehensive Control Strategies of Tractor-Planter Combinations in Planting, Including Gear-Shift and Cruise Control

Sun

et al. 2018

Energies

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An automatic control strategy for forward speed in the planting process is proposed to improve the fuel economy and reduce the labor intensity of drivers. Models of tractors with power-shift transmission (PST) and a precise pneumatic planter with an electric-driven seed metering device are built as research objects and simulated using Matlab with Simulink. The economic comprehensive control strategies for forward speed, including gear-shift schedule and cruise control strategy, are developed. Four levels control mode with different fuel economy performances are implemented to meet different driver or operation condition requirements. In addition, the control strategy is developed for the seed-metering device motor to maintain the required seed spacing in planting. Finally, the fuel economy and effectiveness of the control strategies for forward speed and planting quality are verified by simulations with Matlab/Simulink and Matlab/Stateflow. The simulation results verify the satisfactory performance of the proposed control strategies. The error of seed spacing is less than 3% when planting with speed fluctuation. Under the premise of ensuring planting quality and driver's demands, the cruise control strategies for forward speed have more significant effects on the fuel economy than previous cruise control strategies. Furthermore, the control mode with higher level has better fuel economy and a larger speed deviation range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Economic Comprehensive Control Strategies of Tractor-Planter Combinations in Planting, Including Gear-Shift and Cruise Control

Sun

et al. 2018

Energies

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“…Equivalent consumption minimization strategies (ECMS) [29,30], on the other hand, are instantaneous power management strategies that can be implemented online, offline, as well as in real time. A detailed classification of power management optimization methods has been given in [31]. An interesting procedure to evaluate the performance of online power management strategies in terms of fuel consumption and computational cost was carried out in [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Rule-Based Power Management for Online, Real-Time Applications in HEVs with Multiple Sources and Objectives: A Review

Moulik

Söffker

2015

Energies

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The field of hybrid vehicles has undergone intensive research and development, primarily due to the increasing concern of depleting resources and increasing pollution. In order to investigate further options to optimize the performance of hybrid vehicles with regards to different criteria, such as fuel economy, battery aging, etc., a detailed state-of-the-art review is presented in this contribution. Different power management and optimization techniques are discussed focusing on rule-based power management and multi-objective optimization techniques. The extent of rule-based power management and optimization in solving battery aging issues is investigated along with an implementation in real-time driving scenarios where no pre-defined drive cycle is followed. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the significance and applications of rule-based power management optimization based on previous contributions.

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“…[20,47,24,22]). Nowadays, increased computational power both online and offline has led to a multitude of control approaches, which can be classified (for example) based on the optimality of the control approach and the control and prediction horizon [48,49]. Globally optimal control sequences can be obtained for fully known driving missions, e.g.…”

Section: Control Of Hydraulic Hybrid Transmissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, heuristics, including both rule-based and fuzzy-logic approaches (cf. [49]), yield implementable, yet suboptimal results (cf. e.g.…”

Section: Control Of Hydraulic Hybrid Transmissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation-Based Optimization of a Series Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle

Bær¹

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"The brick walls are there for a reason. (...) [They] are there to give us a chance to show how badly we want something. Randy Pausch AbstractHybrid transmissions are characterized by their utilization of more than one form of energy storage. They have the potential to help reduce overall fuel consumption and vehicle emissions by providing the possibility of brake energy recuperation and prime mover operation management. Electric hybrids and electric vehicle drives are nowadays ubiquitous, and mechanical energy storage in flywheel has been investigated in the past. The use of fluid power technology with a combustion engine has also been investigated since the late 1970s, and is frequently revisited.Hydraulic hybridization is especially attractive for heavy vehicles with frequent braking and acceleration which benefit most from fluid power components' high power density, typically busses, delivery or refuse vehicles, and vehicles with existing hydraulic circuits and transmissions, such as forest and construction machinery, but have been considered for smaller vehicles as well.Due to the characteristic discharge profile of hydraulic energy storage, special attention needs to be paid to control aspects in the design process to guarantee drivability of the vehicle. In this respect, simulation models can be of use in early design process stages for cheaper and faster evaluation of concepts and designs than physical experiments and prototyping, and to generate better understanding of the system studied. Engineering optimization aids in the systematic exploration of a given design space, to determine limits and potentials, evaluate trade-offs and potentially find unexpected solutions. In the optimization of a hydraulic hybrid transmission, the integration of component and controller design is of importance, and different strategies (sequential, iterative, bi-level and simultaneous approaches) are conceivable, with varying consequences for the implementation.This thesis establishes a simulation-based optimization framework for a hydraulic hybrid transmission with series architecture. Component and control parameter optimization are addressed simultaneously, using a rule-based supervisory control strategy. The forward-facing dynamic simulation model at the centre of the framework is built in Hopsan, a multi-disciplinary open-source tool developed at Linköping University. The optimization is set up and conducted for an example application of an on-road light-duty truck over standard drive i cycles. Both results from these experiments as well as the framework itself are studied and evaluated. Relevant design aspects, such as explicit design relations to be considered and performance requirements for more robust design, are identified and addressed, and the optimization problem is analysed with regard to algorithm performance and problem formulation. The final result is an optimization framework that can be adjusted for further in-depth studies, for example through the inclusion of additional components or optimization obj...

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Review and Comparison of Power Management Approaches for Hybrid Vehicles with Focus on Hydraulic Drives

Cited by 57 publications

References 51 publications

Research on Economic Comprehensive Control Strategies of Tractor-Planter Combinations in Planting, Including Gear-Shift and Cruise Control

Research on Economic Comprehensive Control Strategies of Tractor-Planter Combinations in Planting, Including Gear-Shift and Cruise Control

Optimal Rule-Based Power Management for Online, Real-Time Applications in HEVs with Multiple Sources and Objectives: A Review

Simulation-Based Optimization of a Series Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle

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