“…Even though KS are new to TMD research, multiple TMD methods have been developed to recognize common transportation modes such as private cars, bikes, and PT. Recent TMD surveys can be found in Sadeghian, Håkansson, and Zhao (2021), Kamalian, Ferreira, and Jul (2022), Ahmed and Diaz (2022). Historically, the main devices used were first GPS loggers Biancat, Brighenti, and Brighenti (2014), Roy, Fuller, Nelson, and Kedron (2022) and then smartphones Carpineti, Lomonaco, Bedogni, Di Felice, and Bononi (2018), Sharma, Singh, Udmale, Singh, and Singh (2021), Wang, Luo, Zhao, and Qin (2021), Liu (2022), which are still in use at the present, although a recent study has explored the use of smartwatches to perform TMD, see Hasan, Irshaid, Alhomaidat, Lee, and Oh (2022).…”