Review and recommendations for sustainable pathways of recycling commodity plastic waste across different economic regions

Darko, Charles; Yung, Plisylia Wong Shi; Chen, A C; Acquaye, Adolf

doi:10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100134

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 133 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The global consumption of polytetrafluoroethylene in various industries increases by 5-8% annually, which is due to its unique properties: high chemical and thermal resistance, good dielectric properties, and a low coefficient of friction. At the same time, a large amount of waste accumulates during the fabrication of PTFE products, which leads to environmental and economic problems [32,33]. In this regard, the issue of the polymer waste processing into commercial products or raw materials for further reuse becomes urgent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear-Resistant Elastomeric Composites Based on Unvulcanized Rubber Compound and Recycled Polytetrafluoroethylene

Ayurova,

Kornopoltsev,

Khagleev

et al. 2024

Lubricants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Advancements in industrial machinery and manufacturing equipment require more reliable and efficient polymer tribo-systems which operate in conditions associated with increasing machine speeds and a lack of cooling oil. The goal of the current research is to improve the tribological properties of elastomeric composites by adding a solid lubricant filler in the form of ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with the chemical formula [C2F4]n and recycled polytetrafluoroethylene (r-PTFE) powders. PTFE waste is recycled mechanically by abrasion. The elastomeric composites are prepared by mixing a nitrile butadiene rubber with a phenol-formaldehyde resin and PTFE powders in an extruder followed by rolling. The deformation-strength and tribological tests of r-PTFE elastomeric composites are conducted in comparison with the ultrafine PTFE composites. The latter is based on products of waste fluoropolymer processing using a radiation method. The deformation-strength test shows that the introduction of ultrafine PTFE and r-PTFE powder to the composite leads to a decrease in strength and elongation at break, which is associated with the poor compatibility of additives and the elastomeric matrix. The friction test indicates a decrease in the coefficient of friction of the composite material. It is determined that the 15 wt.% filler added in the elastomeric matrix leads to a reduction in the wear rate by 20%. The results obtained show the possibility of using ultrafine PTFE powder and r-PTFE for creating elastomeric composites with increased tribological properties. These research results are beneficial for rubber products used in many industries, mainly in mechanical engineering.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear-Resistant Elastomeric Composites Based on Unvulcanized Rubber Compound and Recycled Polytetrafluoroethylene

Ayurova,

Kornopoltsev,

Khagleev

et al. 2024

Lubricants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The following studies have addressed the main sustainability viewpoints of waste management, including GHG emissions, monetary costs and benefits, the number of jobs created, control of the increasing amount of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) waste, and end-of-life (EoL) products or manufacturing rejects, all of which are jointly conveyed in alignment with the issues of current legislation, recycling techniques, and end-use applications for recyclates [3,4]. Other waste matters related to recycling are recycled glass waste [5], municipal waste recycling practices in European countries [6][7][8], and the pivotal role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in regional energy transition [9], especially in countries that are urgently seeking to transform their energy systems and overcome their technological lock-ins, paving the way for a net-zero emission economy in the short and medium run in the future.…”

Section: Introduction-the Eu Regulatory Recycling Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Role of Municipal Waste Treatment within the European Union through a Novel Created Common Sustainability Point System

Tsimnadis,

Kyriakopoulos

2024

Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last several decades, the European Union (EU) has championed recycling and sustainable waste management through Directives 2008/98/EC and 2018/851, shaping practices across its member states. Currently, 30% of the EU’s municipal waste is recycled, 19% composted, 23% incinerated, and 23% landfilled. However, regional variations exist within the EU, with Greece and other Mediterranean/Balkan nations favoring landfilling, while Germany and other Western/Central EU nations prioritize recycling and composting, and Nordic countries lean toward incineration. To address these differences, a new sustainability point system was created in order to evaluate and compare all different municipal waste management strategies of EU members. Notably, countries like Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden score the highest due to low municipal waste generation, high recycling rates (>35%), minimal landfilling (<1%), and significant incineration. In contrast, Cyprus, Malta, and Greece score lower due to landfill reliance and lower recycling rates. Therefore, this study introduces a novel sustainability point system to mitigate disparities, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and policy initiatives at the national and EU levels. By leveraging these insights, policymakers can allocate resources effectively, foster collaboration, and motivate citizens to achieve common environmental goals as well as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

show abstract

“…Governments around the world are also implementing regulations to address plastic pollution, which will drive the demand for rPET. 3 Advancements in PET recycling technology are highlighting the potential for chemical recycling to reduce the environmental impact and resource usage. Enzyme-based PET recycling, in particular, shows promise in improving upon conventional, fossil-based methods of PET production across various aspects, including energy, carbon emissions, and socioeconomic impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing effects of ground tyre rubber on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyethylene terephthalate

Dasgupta,

Dutta

2024

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the use of waste and recyclable polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) along with micro-sized ground tire rubber (GTR) to produce a polymer matrix composite (PMC) material. The PMC materials are made in a Twin-screw extruder, with different ratios of rPET to GTR ranging from 90:10 to 50:50. In order to assess the performance of the newly created rPET-GTR matrix composite materials, the physical, mechanical properties are empirically observed. The thermal properties and crystallinity (Xc) of PMC materials are analysed using DSC. SEM and microscopic imaging are used to determine the characteristics of rPET-GTR composite materials, including elemental compositions like carbon, oxygen, and silicon. The functional group and chemical structure are confirmed through IR spectra analysis using FTIR techniques. The inclusion of micro-sized GTR has shown a significant effect on the physical (density = 1.306 - 1.208 g/cm3, water absorption = 1.76%–10.74%, and melt flow index = 8.12 - 12.79 gm/10 min), mechanical (tensile strength = 52.78 – 73.58 MPa, impact strength = 110.64 - 138.44 J/m, hardness = 56.14 - 76.37, and flexural modulus = 66.23 - 106.32 MPa), and thermal (melting temperature = 220.25°C–192.57°C, Xc = 20.30 to 30.58%) properties of rPET. These studies all work together to improve the performance of waste rPET and GTR materials by repurposing them. It helps to promote sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and expands the range of applications (automotive parts, building materials, sports equipment, electrical insulation and prosthetics) for rPET-based composites with potential uses in the polymer industries.

show abstract

Review and recommendations for sustainable pathways of recycling commodity plastic waste across different economic regions

Cited by 14 publications

References 133 publications

Wear-Resistant Elastomeric Composites Based on Unvulcanized Rubber Compound and Recycled Polytetrafluoroethylene

Wear-Resistant Elastomeric Composites Based on Unvulcanized Rubber Compound and Recycled Polytetrafluoroethylene

Investigating the Role of Municipal Waste Treatment within the European Union through a Novel Created Common Sustainability Point System

Reinforcing effects of ground tyre rubber on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyethylene terephthalate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About