Review and Status of Wind Integration and Transmission in the United States. Key Issues and Lessons Learned

Milligan, Michael; Kirby, Brendan; Acker, Thomas L.; Ahlstrom, Mark; Frew, Bethany; Goggin, Michael; Lasher, Warren; Marquis, Melinda; Osborn, Dale

doi:10.2172/1214995

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…At the same time, historically low natural gas prices, low wholesale electricity prices, and reduced demand for electricity could depress future wind investments (DOE 2015). Moreover, the intrinsic variability, uncertainty, and location-dependence of wind can create transmission and grid integration challenges associated with greater levels of wind deployment (Milligan 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Direct electric system impacts and costs

et al. 2016

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This paper evaluates potential changes in the power system associated with sustained growth in wind generation in the United States to 35% of end-use demand by 2050; Wiser et al. (forthcoming) evaluates societal benefits and other impacts for this same scenario. Under reference or central conditions, the analysis finds cumulative wind capacity of 404 GW would be required to reach this level and drive 2050 incremental electricity rate and cumulative electric sector savings of 2% and 3%, respectively, relative to a scenario with no new wind capacity additions. Greater savings are estimated under higher fossil fuel costs or with greater advancements in wind technologies. Conversely, incremental costs are found when fossil fuel costs are lower than central assumptions or wind technology improvements are more-limited. Through 2030 the primary generation sources displaced by new wind capacity include natural gas and coal-fired generation. By 2050 wind could displace other renewables. Incremental new transmission infrastructure totaling 29 million MW-miles is estimated to be needed by 2050. In conjunction with related societal benefits, this work demonstrates that 35% wind energy by 2050 is plausible, could support enduring benefits, and could result in long-term consumer savings, if nearer-term (pre-2030) cost barriers are overcome; at the same time, these opportunities are not anticipated to be realized in their full form under "business-as-usual" conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Direct electric system impacts and costs

et al. 2016

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“…Despite potential gaps in these critical elements, several actions can be taken to improve the ability of power systems to incorporate significant generation from variable RE resources. Several well-known practices can help to reduce costs and increase the power system's ability to reliably integrate variable RE without requiring a full grid integration study (Milligan et al 2015;Smith et al 2007). The following examples are well-vetted, "no-regrets" grid integration actions 1 :…”

Section: When To Conduct a Grid Integration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Renewable Energy Grid Integration Studies: A Guidebook for Practitioners

Katz

Chernyakhovskiy

2020

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“…Despite the benefits of cleaner and low cost energy, the renewable generation brings important issues to system operation due to its natural intermittency and seasonality characteristics [3]. The studies [4] [5] show that high renewable sources penetration on the power system requires the implementation of system flexibility mechanisms such as controlled units, ancillary services, market design changes and storage services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Portfolio Selection of Wind Power Plants Using a Stochastic Risk-Averse Optimization Model, Considering the Wind Complementarity of the Sites and a Budget Constraint

Camargo¹,

Leonel²,

Rosa³

et al. 2020

EPE

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This work focuses on the best financial resources allocation to define a wind power plant portfolio, considering a set of feasible sites. To accomplish the problem formulation and solution, the first step was to establish a long-term wind series reconstruction methodology for generating scenarios of wind energy, applying it to study five different locations of the Brazilian territory. Secondly, a risk-averse stochastic optimization model was implemented and used to define the optimal wind power plant selection that maximizes the portfolio financial results, considering an investment budget constraint. In a sequence, a case study was developed to illustrate a practical situation of applying the methodology to the portfolio selection problem, considering five wind power plants options. The case study was supported by the proposed optimization model, using the scenarios of generation created by the reconstruction methodology. The obtained results show the model performance in terms of defining the best financial resources allocation considering the effect of the complementarity between sites, making it feasible to select the optimal set of wind power plants, characterizing a wind plant optimal portfolio that takes into account the budget constraint. The adopted methodology makes it possible to realize that the diversification of the portfolio depends on the investor risk aversion. Although applied to the Brazilian case, this model can be customized to solve a similar problem worldwide.

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Review and Status of Wind Integration and Transmission in the United States. Key Issues and Lessons Learned

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Direct electric system impacts and costs

Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Direct electric system impacts and costs

Variable Renewable Energy Grid Integration Studies: A Guidebook for Practitioners

Optimal Portfolio Selection of Wind Power Plants Using a Stochastic Risk-Averse Optimization Model, Considering the Wind Complementarity of the Sites and a Budget Constraint

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