Review article "Remarks on factors influencing shear wave velocities and their role in evaluating susceptibilities to earthquake-triggered slope instability: case study for the Campania area (Italy)"

Abstract

Abstract. Shear wave velocities have a fundamental role in connection with the mitigation of seismic hazards, as their low values are the main causes of site amplification phenomena and can significantly influence the susceptibility of a territory to seismic-induced landslides. The shear wave velocity (Vs) and modulus (G) of each lithological unit are influenced by factors such as the degree of fracturing and faulting, the porosity, the clay amount and the precipitation, with the latter two influencing the unit water content. In this paper we discuss how these factors can affect the Vs values and report the results of different analyses that quantify the reduction in the rock Vs and shear modulus values connected to the presence of clay and water. We also show that significant results in assessing seismic-induced slope failure susceptibility for land planning targets could be achieved through a careful evaluation, based only on literature studies, of the geo-lithological and geo-seismic features of the study area.

Seasonal variations in amplitudes and resonance frequencies of the HVSR amplification peaks linked to groundwater

“…Winter corresponds to the wettest period of the year with frequent precipitations. We suggest that this data dispersion is linked to the sensitivity of Vs to rainfall and soil moisture with possible variations from 5 to 20 per cent (Paoletti 2012;Wang et al 2017;Clements & Figure 9. Aftershock sequence of Zakynthos seismic crisis from the NOA catalogue (http://bbnet.gein.noa.gr/HL/databases/database).…”

Exploring Shear Wave Velocity—NSPT Correlations for Geotechnical Site Characterization: A Review

“…Furthermore, the influence of soil types on V s estimations must be carefully considered, as different soil types exhibit different responses to SPT testing. Paoletti, in 2012 [147], emphasized the significance of sampling depth, especially in heterogeneous soil profiles where deeper sampling may be essential for accurate characterization of deeper strata, while also highlighting the potential introduction of uncertainties in the interpretation of SPT results due to factors like hammer energy and borehole condition. Ensuring data quality is a key, given that imprecisions in data collection, such as miscounts or equipment errors, have the potential to undermine the reliability of V s estimates [140].…”

Pore morphology effect on elastic and fluid flow properties in Bakken formation using rock physics modeling

“…Here, identifying the mechanisms of the pore structure of the reservoir formation is crucial since they can impact seismic velocities (V p and V s ), and fracture initiation and propagation. Previous research works have already investigated how pore morphology affects the seismic velocities of rocks and composite geomaterials (Levin et al 2004;Markov et al 2006;Paoletti 2012;Candikia et al 2017;Handoyo et al 2019;Kolawole and Ispas 2019;Mavko et al 2020;Kolawole 2022). The findings from these investigations demonstrate that when porosity is held constant, cracks (low aspect ratio) dramatically reduce seismic velocities more than spherical pores (high aspect ratio).…”

“…The findings from these investigations demonstrate that when porosity is held constant, cracks (low aspect ratio) dramatically reduce seismic velocities more than spherical pores (high aspect ratio). This shows that compressional and shear velocities play a part in the fracturing of rocks because their low values indicate regions that are more prone to fracturing and faulting (Paoletti 2012). Therefore, analyzing and modeling seismic velocities can enhance hydraulic fracturing and stimulation operations.…”