Review article: Probiotics, prebiotics and dietary approaches during COVID-19 pandemic

Hu, Jielun; Zhang, Lin; Lin, Wai Ling; Tang, Whitney; Chan, Francis K.L.; Ng, Siew C.

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.009

Cited by 84 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…This negative effect might be mediated by various mechanisms through the human microbiome (42). Indeed, a healthy balanced diet is related to gut microbe symbiosis, which in turn plays a decisive role on the immune response against the virus, whereas unhealthy DPs lead to microbial dysbiosis underlying the inactivation of the host immune response (42,43). Also, several studies have claimed that dietary micronutrients with anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating potential are key to prevent COVID-19 disease (44)(45)(46)(47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of coronavirus SARS-Cov2 (COVID-19) confinement measures in Colombia on the dietary behaviors of a large population sample, at national and regional levels. A survey was conducted to assess dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 confinement. The survey involved 2,745 participants, aged 18 years or older, from six regions of the country (Atlántica, Bogotá, Central, Oriental, Orinoquía and Amazonía, and Pacífica). Dietary intake of foods and foods groups in grams per day before and during the confinement was estimated by considering standard serving sizes of foods. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze differences between the regions with regard to dietary behavior changes during the confinement. Differences were deemed significant at p-value < 0.05. Dietary patterns (DPs) before and during the confinement were derived from principal component analysis. Certain dietary habits were adopted by the study population during the confinement (e.g., higher frequency of snacking and home cooking), with significant differences by regions with regard to these habits, as well as regarding culinary processes. The levels of consumption of several foods also changed during the confinement, nationally and regionally. We identified three DPs before the confinement (protein-rich, carbohydrate-rich, and sugar foods patterns) and four DPs during the confinement (westernized, carbohydrate-rich, protein-rich, fish and fruits-vegetable patterns), with an explained total variance of 33 and 45%, respectively. The profile of these DPs varied to some extent between the regions; their adherence to each DP also varied (p-value < 0.001). Our results show that there were marked differences by regions in the dietary behaviors of this population during the confinement, with an overall trend toward unhealthier DPs. These results may help to shape public health nutrition interventions in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic and in a post-COVID stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, we observed some clinically instructive results by MR analysis. Elevated levels of CRP and IL-10 were commonly happened in severe COVID-19 patients [ 33 ], and IBD patients were at higher risk of developing severity [ 34 ]; in contrast, vasodilator use and vitamin D supplements might reduce the risk of COVID-19 infections and mortality [ 35 , 36 ]. These clinical observations were consistent with their causal associations with ARDS development, which may guide the ARDS care management, especially during COVID-19 severe progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative omics provide biological and clinical insights into acute respiratory distress syndrome

Garcia

Christie

et al. 2021

Intensive Care Med

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Purpose: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is accompanied by a dysfunctional immune-inflammatory response following lung injury, including during coronavirus disease 2019 . Limited causal biomarkers exist for ARDS development. We sought to identify novel genetic susceptibility targets for ARDS to focus further investigation on their biological mechanism and therapeutic potential.Methods: Meta-analyses of ARDS genome-wide association studies were performed with 1250 cases and 1583 controls in Europeans, and 387 cases and 387 controls in African Americans. The functionality of novel loci was determined in silico using multiple omics approaches. The causality of 114 factors potentially involved in ARDS development was assessed using Mendelian Randomization analysis.Results: There was distinct genetic heterogeneity in ARDS between Europeans and African Americans. rs7967111 at 12p13.2 was functionally associated with ARDS susceptibility in Europeans (odds ratio = 1.38; P = 2.15 × 10 -8 ). Expression of two genes annotated at this locus, BORCS5 and DUSP16, was dynamic but ultimately decreased during ARDS development, as well as downregulated in immune cells alongside COVID-19 severity. Causal inference implied that comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease and elevated levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-10 causally increased ARDS risk, while vitamin D supplementation and vasodilator use ameliorated risk. Conclusion:Our findings suggest a novel susceptibility locus in ARDS pathophysiology that implicates BORCS5 and DUSP16 as potentially acting in immune-inflammatory processes. This locus warrants further investigation to inform the development of therapeutic targets and clinical care strategies for ARDS, including those induced by

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“…Recent data have shown that there is a relationship among the diet, immune system, and intestinal microbiome [ 35 ]. It is known that not only diet influences the composition of the intestinal microbiota, but also the microbiota and their products have an effect on the host [ 29 ].…”

Section: Ngps Include Promising Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next-Generation Probiotics and Their Metabolites in COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Since December 2019, a global pandemic has been observed, caused by the emergence of a new coronavirus, SARS CoV-2. The latter is responsible for the respiratory disease, COVID-19. The infection is also characterized by renal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal dysfunctions suggesting the spread of the virus to other organs. A dysregulated immune response was also reported. To date, there is no measure to treat or prevent SARS CoV-2 infection. Additionally, as gut microbiota composition is altered in patients with COVID-19, alternative therapies using probiotics can be considered to fight SARS CoV-2 infection. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge about next-generation probiotics (NGPs) and their benefits in viral respiratory tract infections and in COVID-19. We describe these bacteria, highlighted by studies using metagenomic approaches. In addition, these bacteria generate metabolites such as butyrate, desaminotyrosine, and secondary bile acid, suggested to prevent viral respiratory infections. Gut microbial metabolites transported via the circulation to the lungs could inhibit viral replication or improve the immune response against viruses. The use of probiotics and/or their metabolites may target either the virus itself and/or the immunologic process. However, this review showed that more studies are needed to determine the benefits of probiotics and metabolite products in COVID-19.

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Review article: Probiotics, prebiotics and dietary approaches during COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 84 publications

References 79 publications

Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study

Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study

Integrative omics provide biological and clinical insights into acute respiratory distress syndrome

Next-Generation Probiotics and Their Metabolites in COVID-19

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