Review: Characterization and Impact of Supraoptimal Root-zone Temperatures in Container-grown Plants

Ingram, Dewayne L.; Ruter, John M.; Martin, Chris

doi:10.21273/hortsci.50.4.530

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These results support previous research documenting increased growth in white containers due to the deleterious effects of supraoptimal RZT. Root zone temperatures can commonly exceed 54 • C in container-grown crops, but RZT near 38 • C can cause indirect injury to plants leading to reduced shoot and root growth, increased water stress, interruption of physiological mechanisms (photosynthesis and respiration, and increased susceptibility to pathogens [3,4,7]. In our study, fewer roots were observed on the south-facing side of the solid wall containers, regardless of container color, suggesting supraoptimal RZT prevents root growth and development near the container sidewall even in light color containers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substrate pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were recorded using the pour-through method [14] at 52, 97, 146, and 166 DAP (AL) and at 60, 95, and 120 DAP (TN). The percentage of time roots were exposed to temperatures above critical thresholds (38 • C and 46 • C) mentioned by Ingram et al (2015) was calculated using the total number of data recordings during daylight hours. Substrate physical properties (n = 3) including air space, container capacity, total porosity, and bulk density were determined using porometer analysis [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At RZTs above 46 • C, direct injury to plants including immediate root cell damage can occur even with an exposure time under 30 min. Indirect injury to plants can occur at RZTs above 38 • C, including interruption of physiological mechanisms which may not present visible signs of damage but lead to reduced growth [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors contribute to high RZT in container production. Nursery containers have a high surface-to-volume ratio, allowing excessive heat to be absorbed by the container and exchanged between the substrate through conduction [4]. Root zone temperature will vary within the container, with greater temperatures occurring in the region with direct exposure to the sun which will change throughout the growing season [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substrates with low air-filled porosity may improve heat energy diffusion through the substrate due to the physical connectivity of substrate particles. Water is an effective thermal conductor; thus, heat builds up more slowly in substrates with greater water content and minimizing temperature fluctuations in the substrate [4]. Pine bark (PB) is the most widely used substrate for nursery crops in the eastern United States and can be used alone or in combination with other components such as peatmoss (PM) or sand [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae

2020

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Root zone temperature (RZT) in nursery containers commonly exceeds ambient temperature during the growing season, negatively impacting crop growth and quality. Black nursery containers absorb radiant heat resulting in excessive RZT, yet other types of containers and different substrates can moderate RZT. We conducted studies in Tennessee and Alabama to evaluate the effects of container type and substrate on RZT and growth of 'Green Giant' arborvitae (Thuja standishii × plicata 'Green Giant'). Trade gallon arborvitae were transplanted into black, white, or air pruning containers filled with pine bark (PB) or 4 PB: 1 peatmoss (v:v) (PB:PM). Plants grown in PB:PM were larger and had greater shoot and root biomass than plants grown in PB, likely due to increased volumetric water content. Plant growth response to container type varied by location, but white containers with PB:PM produced larger plants and greater biomass compared with the other container types. Root zone temperature was greatest in black containers and remained above 38 • C and 46 • C for 15% and 17% longer than white and air pruning containers, respectively. Utilizing light color containers in combination with substrates containing peatmoss can reduce RZT and increase substrate moisture content thus improving crop growth and quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae

2020

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Nutritional composition changes in bell pepper as affected by the ripening stage of fruits at harvest or postharvest storage and assessed non‐destructively

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND Nutritional quality in bell pepper is related to the ripening stage of the fruit at harvest and postharvest storage. Its determination requires time‐consuming, tissue‐destructive, analytical laboratory techniques. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ripening stage and of postharvest storage period on fruit nutritional quality, and whether it is feasible to develop reliable models for assessing the nutritional components in peppers using non‐destructive methods. The dry matter, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, phenolics, chlorophylls, carotenoids and the total antioxidant capacity were determined in bell pepper fruits at six ripening stages, from green to full red, during storage at 10 °C for 8 days. Color, chlorophyll fluorescence, visible/near infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy, red‐green‐blue (R‐G‐B) and red‐green‐near infrared (R‐G‐NIR) digital imaging were tested for assessing the nutritional quality of peppers. RESULTS The nutritional composition was mainly affected by the ripening stage of bell pepper fruits at harvest and only to a small degree by the storage period. Indeed, the more advanced ripening stage of fruit at harvest resulted in superior nutritional quality. Most of the non‐destructive techniques reliably predicted the internal quality of the fruit. The genetic algorithm (GA), the variable importance in projection (VIP) scores, and the variable inflation factor (VIF) tests identified nine distinct regions and four specific wavelengths on the whole visible/NIR electromagnetic spectrum that exhibited the most significant effect in the assessment of the nutritional components. CONCLUSION It is possible to predict individual nutritional components in bell pepper fruit reliably and non‐destructively, and irrespective of the ripening stage of fruits at harvest. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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An overall review on influence of root architecture on soil carbon sequestration potential

Srivastava,

Yetgin

2024

Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol.

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Soil carbon sequestration is a vital ecosystem function that mitigates climate change by absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Root characteristics such as depth, diameter, length, and branching pattern affect soil carbon dynamics through root-soil interactions and organic matter breakdown. Here we review field surveys, laboratory analysis, and mathematical modeling to understand how root structures affect soil carbon storage. Further, certain root features increase soil carbon sequestration, suggesting that selective breeding and genetic engineering of plants could maximize this ecological benefit. However, more research is needed to understand the complex interactions between roots, soil biota, and soil organic matter under changing environmental conditions. In addition, the benefit of climate change mitigation methods and soil carbon models from the inclusion of root architecture was reviewed. Studies in the realm of root-soil interactions encompass a variety of academic fields, including agronomy, ecology, soil science, and plant physiology. Insights into how roots interact with their soil environment and the effects of these interactions on plant health, agricultural productivity, and environmental sustainability have been gained through this research.

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Review: Characterization and Impact of Supraoptimal Root-zone Temperatures in Container-grown Plants

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae

Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae

Nutritional composition changes in bell pepper as affected by the ripening stage of fruits at harvest or postharvest storage and assessed non‐destructively

An overall review on influence of root architecture on soil carbon sequestration potential

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