Review: Control of feed intake by hepatic oxidation in ruminant animals: integration of homeostasis and homeorhesis

Allen, Michael S.

doi:10.1017/s1751731119003215

Cited by 59 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, a higher net portal flux of propionate likely occurs in diets with ensiled corn compared with dry corn. In the liver, a high propionate offer increases the anaplerosis in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (oxidation of fuels) and ATP production, which causes satiety mainly by decreasing meal size (Allen et al, 2009;Allen, 2020). Jacovaci (2019) observed a decreased meal size in animals fed corn grain silage compared with dry rolled corn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ensiling on the feeding value of flint corn grain for feedlot beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Jacovaci¹,

Salvo²,

Jobim³

et al. 2021

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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The objective of this study was to review the effect of ensiling on the feeding value of flint corn grain and performance of feedlot cattle. In this meta-analysis, ensiled corn grain included both high-moisture corn and rehydrated corn grain. The criteria for a publication enter in the database were: diet was offered as a total mixed ration, diet contained at least 300 g/kg dry matter (DM) of ensiled or dry corn grain, and ensiled grain contained a minimum of 280 g/kg of moisture. The final dataset included 21 paired comparisons from eight publications, from 2002 to 2019. A sub dataset of digestibility trials contained six paired comparisons for starch digestibility and five paired comparisons for DM digestibility. The outcomes were compared using the Mixed procedure of SAS, including a random effect of comparison within study (paired comparison). Ensiling corn grain increased total-tract digestibility of DM (+4.59%) and starch (+3.33%), decreased DM intake by 14.1% (10.3 and 8.85 kg/d for dry and ensiled, respectively) and metabolizable energy intake by 4.39%, but did not affect average daily gain (1.61 and 1.58 kg/d for dry and ensiled corn, respectively). Therefore, ensiling corn grain increased feed efficiency by 18.3% (0.164 and 0.194, for dry and ensiled, respectively). The feeding value was on average 25.7% higher for ensiled corn grain compared with dry corn grain. Ensiling is an efficient strategy to improve the caloric value of flint corn grain for finishing cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ensiling on the feeding value of flint corn grain for feedlot beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Jacovaci¹,

Salvo²,

Jobim³

et al. 2021

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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“…bras., Brasília, v.55, e02257, 2020 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2020.v55.02257 cake accounted for 13.66% of the natural matter of the feed concentrate. Furthermore, the presence of large amounts of this ion in the rumen of animals causes changes in rumen molarity, which can harm the environment and reduce DM intake (Allen, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional parameters of female goat kids fed diets containing detoxified castor bean cake

Araújo

Neiva

Rogério

et al. 2020

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SM) by detoxified castor bean cake (DCC), containing different alkaline solutions, on the nutritional parameters of Saanen and Anglo-Nubian female goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) kids. The treatments consisted of three diets: one based on corn and SM; and two with DCC with Ca(OH)2 or NaOH. Intake and digestibility data were analyzed in two phases according to the growth curves of the goats, which showed: a linear accelerated growth (phase I, from 60 to 298 days of life) and a reduction in the intensity of body growth (phase II, from 299 to 345 days). During phase I, the goat kids fed DCC with NaOH showed a lower intake of dry matter (DM) and nutrients. During phase II, there was significant effect of diets on the intake of nutrients, with the exception of ether extract (EE), total digestible nutrients, and metabolizable energy (ME). A diet effect was observed on the digestibility of DM, crude protein, EE, and neutral detergent fiber, mainly for goat kids fed diets with DCC. Despite their lower intake, the diets formulated with DCC do not negatively affect the nutritional performance of female goats kids in both growth phases, since they result in a greater feed efficiency.

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“…Because the proportion of ΔBCS mediated by DMI was low (16%) in the current study, it is likely that physiological mechanisms that play a role in regulating fat mobilization only partially influenced feed intake. According to the hepatic oxidation theory (Allen et al, 2009;Allen, 2020), excess lipid oxidation in the liver should decrease appetite. A physiological mechanism affecting BCS loss during this time may be low-grade inflammation observed during the precalving period (Bradford et al, 2015;Bradford and Swartz, 2020), which may be associated with stress (Bradford et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body condition loss during the dry period: Insights from feeding behavior studies

Daros

Havekes

DeVries

2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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Body condition change during the dry period (ΔBCS) has been associated with a myriad of transition cow diseases. We used data from 3 studies to assess the relationship between ΔBCS, feeding behavior, and body condition score (BCS) at dry-off. We also studied the mediation effect that dry matter intake (DMI) has on ΔBCS and the association between dry period feeding time and DMI. A total of 100 parous cows were enrolled in 3 studies to investigate differences in dry period diet on behavior, health, and performance preand postcalving. Body weight was measured and BCS was assessed by the same trained observer after dry-off and 1 wk from calving date. The ΔBCS was calculated by subtracting the BCS at calving minus the BCS at dry-off. The BCS at dry-off was categorized as overconditioned (≥3.5) or not overconditioned (<3.5); no cows had a BCS <2.75. Feeding behavior data were collected using electronic feed bins. Parity at dry-off (median = 2; min = 1, max = 6) and 305-d milk production (mean = 10,235 kg, SD = 1,625 kg) from the previous lactation were considered. Data sets were split into 2 time periods: d −56 to −22 (early) and −21 to 0 (late) in relation to calving. Selected feeding behaviors (DMI, DMI as a percentage of body weight, and feeding time) were used to evaluate the associations between each feeding behavior and BCS at dry-off in each period using mixed linear regression models. Each model included the following covariates: parity, previous 305-d milk yield, and trial treatment. Experimental day was included as random slope, and cow was included as random intercept. A mediation analysis was used to evaluate the potential causal direct effect of BCS at dry-off on ΔBCS and the potential indirect effect mediated by differences in DMI. The BCS at dry-off was associated with changes in feeding behavior, such that overcon-ditioned cows had lesser daily DMI and feeding time during the early and late dry periods compared with not overconditioned animals. We also noted an effect of previous 305-d milk yield on DMI; cows that produced more milk had greater DMI throughout the dry period. The ΔBCS was only partially mediated by DMI, and BCS at dry-off still had a direct effect on ΔBCS. This result indicated that mechanisms other than DMI were associated with BCS loss during the dry period. Feeding time correlated weakly and moderately with DMI during the early and late dry periods, respectively. To conclude, strategies to improve intake during the dry period should take dry-off BCS into account or, preferably, efforts should be made to minimize the number of overconditioned cows at the end of lactation.

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Review: Control of feed intake by hepatic oxidation in ruminant animals: integration of homeostasis and homeorhesis

Cited by 59 publications

References 93 publications

Effect of ensiling on the feeding value of flint corn grain for feedlot beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Effect of ensiling on the feeding value of flint corn grain for feedlot beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Nutritional parameters of female goat kids fed diets containing detoxified castor bean cake

Body condition loss during the dry period: Insights from feeding behavior studies

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