Review—Electrodes Derived From Conducting Polymers and their Composites for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

Conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added products (also termed as CO2 reduction reaction or CRR) is an exceptional route toward diminishing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and to help alleviate the energy and global warming crises. Within this framework, many types of research have been focused on introducing novel catalysts to reach an efficient system for the CRR. Conducting polymers (CPs) with appropriate electroactive characteristics have been used as effective catalysts for CRR for more than two decades. Polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANI) are two of the most commonly studied CPs. Accordingly, this work presents a comprehensive review of the electrocatalytic performance of conductive polymers, including their composites, for CO2 reduction. A comparative approach is also followed to indicate their advantages and disadvantages over common metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. The important perspectives and key challenges for developing these catalysts are also discussed.

A 3D nanofiber network anode expediting mass and proton transport to boost proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

“…[1][2][3] Currently, most research studies focus on the rational design and controllable synthesis of high-performance electrocatalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) 4,5 and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). 6,7 Nevertheless, there are rare studies on efficiently transferring the activity of the developed electrocatalysts to membrane electrode assembly (MEA) conguration, which is hard but meaningful for the further practical application of PEMWE. 8,9 Commonly, in contrast to the cathodic catalyst layer where fast HER occurs, the structure of the anodic catalyst layer (ACL) directly determines the performance and lifetime of the entire MEA.…”

Promotion of Hydrogen Evolution from Seawater via Poly(aniline-co-4- Nitroaniline) combined with 3D Nickel Nanoparticles

“…Conducting polymers might be an attractive choice, given their capacity to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of electrodes in a variety of applications, including electrocatalysis, carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction, and corrosion protection [12][13][14][15] . Polyaniline (Pani) and its derivatives are particularly well suited for usage as an appropriate electrocatalyst due to their high conductivity, environmental stability, chemical and physical characteristics, ease of synthesis, lightweight, and creation from affordable monomers [16][17][18][19][20] . A Pani derivative called poly (aniline-co-4-nitroaniline) has also been used in a few polymer solar cell applications 21,22 .…”

Promotion of hydrogen evolution from seawater via poly(aniline-co-4-nitroaniline) combined with 3D nickel nanoparticles

“…Conducting polymers might be an attractive choice, given their capacity to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of electrodes in a variety of applications, including electrocatalysis, carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction, and corrosion protection [12][13][14][15] . Polyaniline (Pani) and its derivatives are particularly well suited for usage as an appropriate electrocatalyst due to their high conductivity, environmental stability, chemical and physical characteristics, ease of synthesis, lightweight, and creation from affordable monomers [16][17][18][19][20] . A Pani derivative called poly (aniline-co-4-nitroaniline) has also been used in a few polymer solar cell applications 21,22 .…”