REVIEW: Factors Affecting Decisions on When to Calve Beef Females

Sprott, L. R.; Selk, G. E.; Adams, Don C.

doi:10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31635-1

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Stress associated with high temperatures in combination with high humidity is known to decrease pregnancy rate in cows (Sprott et al, 2001). Ingraham et al (1974) showed that the pregnancy rate of dairy cows declined from 55 to 10% when the temperature-humidity index (THI) increased from 70 to 84.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental effects on pregnancy rate in beef cattle1

Amundson

Mader

Rasby

et al. 2006

Journal of Animal Science

153

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Ten years of calving records were examined from Bos taurus crossbred cows (mean of 182 cows/ yr) to quantify the effects of environmental conditions during the breeding season on pregnancy rate. Estimated breeding dates were determined by subtracting 283 d from the calving date. Relationships were determined between the proportion of cows bred during the periods from the beginning of the breeding season until d 21, 42, and 60 of the breeding season and the corresponding environmental variables. Weather data were compiled from a weather station located approximately 20 km from the research site. Average daily temperature and relative humidity were used to calculate daily temperature-humidity index (THI). Daily averages for each environmental variable were averaged for each period. Minimum temperature (MNTP) and THI for the first 21 and 42 d of the breeding season were negatively associated (P < 0.001) with pregnancy rate. For the 0-to 21-d, 0-to 42-d, and 0-to 60-d breeding periods, respective r 2 for average temperatures were 0.32, 0.37,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are very few studies that have assessed the effects of heat stress on pregnancy rate of beef cows managed in a pasture setting (Sprott et al, 2001). Additionally, previous studies failed to measure the collective effects of temperature and other environmental variables on reproduction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects on pregnancy rate in beef cattle1

Amundson

Mader

Rasby

et al. 2006

Journal of Animal Science

153

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“…It has been reported that altered LH secretion in heatstressed cows, resulted in impaired ovulation and formation of inferior quality corpus luteum (Sartori et al 2002) that ultimately reduce the CR. Thermal stress associated conception failure has already been reported (Sprott et al 2001;Al-Katanani et al 2002). Similarly it has been shown that hyperthermia due to heat stress leads to embryonic absorption and abortion in female buffaloes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of short-term cooling on core body temperature, plasma cortisol and conception rate in Murrah buffalo heifers during hot-humid season

Verma

Prasad

Mohanty

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The present investigation studied the effect of short-term cooling around the time of artificial insemination (AI) on body temperature, plasma cortisol and conception rate (CR) in Murrah buffalo heifers. Buffalo heifers (n = 25) were divided into two groups i.e. control group (n = 9) and short-term cooling group (n = 16). In both the groups, estrus synchronization using ovsynch protocol and fixed time AI was carried out. Heifers in short-term cooling group were kept in a specially designed air condition room from 3 h before to 3 h after AI. Blood samples were collected for estimation of cortisol and progesterone and rectal and vaginal temperatures were measured before 3 h of AI, at the time of AI and after 3 h of AI. At the time of AI and after 3 h of AI, both rectal and vaginal temperatures were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in heifers subjected to short-term cooling compared to control group. After 3 h of AI, cortisol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in control group (5.023 ± 0.74 ng/ml) compared to short-term cooling group (1.061 ± 0.99 ng/ml). A trend of higher CR was observed in short-term cooling group compared to control group (68.75 vs. 33.33%, P = 0.087). It may be inferred that short-term cooling reduced the stress at the time of AI and improved the CR in Murrah buffalo heifers during hot-humid season.

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“…For dairy production, 2.2% (105.7kg milk/cow) reduction in milk production was projected at a cost of 28 million US dollars annually. Some other studies reported similar performance losses in cattle (Sprott et al, 2001;Frank et al, 2004;Mader et al, 2006;Amundson, et al, 2006;Mader et al, 2009), in small ruminants (Dixon et al, 1999;Silanikove, 2000;Sevi et al, 2002), in pigs (Ricalde and Lean, 2000;Huynh et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2005), in poultry (defra, 2005;Mohan, 2005;Al-Ghamdi, 2008;Attia et al, 2009;Minka and Ayo, 2010), in rabbits (Marai et al, 2002;Marai and Rashwan, 2004) and in buffalos (Vale, 2007).…”

Section: Effects Of Elevated Temperature On Performance Of Farm Animalsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Climate Change and Livestock Production in Nigeria: Issues and Concerns

Cc¹,

Ogbu²

2011

Agro-Science

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ABSTRACT:The article reviewed the major issues concerning climate change and livestock production in Nigeria. The mechanism of the greenhouse effect (GHE) of the earth's atmosphere as well as the relative importance of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in terms of greenhouse effect (GHE) and global warming potential (GWP) are presented. The probable changes in global climate as a result of atmospheric enrichment with greenhouse gases from results of simulated changes in atmospheric greenhouse gases are also presented. Emission scenarios and climate change models, atmospheric enrichment with GHGs were shown to have a net negative impact on global climate leading to global warming, more variable and unpredictable climatic and weather patterns (including tendencies for extreme events), net decrease in yield of grain, forage and pasture crops for livestock as well as changes in the epidemiology and dynamics of livestock diseases, pests and vectors. These stressors meant greater challenges on livestock production in terms of well being, reproduction and performance. A number of adaptation schemes which include environmental modification, selective breeding and modifications in the nutritional environment of animals were suggested.

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REVIEW: Factors Affecting Decisions on When to Calve Beef Females

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental effects on pregnancy rate in beef cattle1

Environmental effects on pregnancy rate in beef cattle1

Effect of short-term cooling on core body temperature, plasma cortisol and conception rate in Murrah buffalo heifers during hot-humid season

Climate Change and Livestock Production in Nigeria: Issues and Concerns

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