Review: Immune‐Related Adverse Events With Use of Checkpoint Inhibitors for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Inhibitory Receptor Expression on T Cells as a Marker of Disease Activity and Target to Regulate Effector Cellular Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Furthermore, most of the patients receiving ‘checkpoint’ blockade as immunotherapy during cancer develop immune-related adverse events that involve most organ systems, including the joints (24, 25). Maybe more significant from a clinical point of view, recent data indicate that IR-mediated pathways, which negatively interfere with T cell activation and function, specifically protects against a relapsing course in multiple AIDs.…”

Immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced inflammatory arthritis as a model of autoimmune arthritis

“…Thus far, most reports are from small case series or single‐center cohort studies and the assays used to detect seropositivity are not uniform between studies. Despite these limitations, aggregation of the data from multiple studies reveals a low rate of seropositivity among patients developing IA following treatment with ICI therapy with 5.5% (12/217; range 0%‐36%) positive for RF and 5% (11/217; range 0%‐11%) positive for ACPAs . In a study comparing ICI‐IA patients to ethnically matched counterparts with RA, 7.7% of ICI‐IA patients were positive for RF or ACPAs, whereas 64.6% of RA patients were positive for ACPAs and 56.7% positive for RF, with 49.3% being positive for both .…”

Unerwünschte Wirkungen der Immuntherapie

“…Die manifeste Arthritis ist weniger häufig (Prävalenz ca. 2 % unter Anti-PD-1-Inhibitoren [26,27] [7,8]). In der PET-CT zeigt sich eine erhöhte FDG-Aufnahme in der Synovia multipler bilateraler Gelenke bei Arthritis und bei Myositis in Muskeln (.…”

“…Eine Differenzierung zur rheumatoiden Arthritis kann sehr schwierig sein, antizyklische Citrullinated-peptid-Antikörper und Rheumafaktoren werden jedoch für gewöhnlich nicht gefunden [7]. Suarez-Almazor et al [27] …”