Review: Influence of 25(OH)D Blood Concentration and Supplementation during Pregnancy on Preeclampsia Development and Neonatal Outcomes

Abstract

Briefly, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) plays an essential role in embryogenesis and the course of intra- and postnatal periods and is crucially involved in the functioning of the mother–placenta–fetus system. The low quantity of 25(OH)D during pregnancy can lead to an elevated risk for preeclampsia occurrence. Despite the numerous studies on the association of 25(OH)D deficiency and preeclampsia development, the current research on this theme is contradictory. In this review, we summarize and analyze study data on the effects of 25(OH)D deficiency and supplementation on pregnancy, labor, and fetal and neonatal outcomes.

Revisão do efeito da vitamina D na pré-eclâmpsia

“…As concentrações de vitamina D, de forma isolada, não podem ser utilizadas como forma de prever a pré-eclâmpsia, mas mulheres com deficiência de VD possuem maior risco e necessitam de suplementação, de modo que o nível de VD pode ser um dos fatores causadores de hipertensão arterial na PE. Gestantes com níveis menores que 30 ng/mL possuem maior risco para desenvolvimento de PE e diversos estudos indicam que baixas concentrações de vitamina D correlacionam-se com níveis elevados de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica durante a gravidez, sendo que em outro estudo foi observado que a proteinúria (Karpova, et al 2022).…”

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor of Preeclampsia during Pregnancy

“…The pathophysiology of this pregnancy-related disorder remains largely unexplained, as fully elucidating its mechanisms and etiology has proven challenging. However, it involves several key factors, including abnormal placental development, spiral artery abnormality [27,[41][42][43][44], placental insufficiency, and endothelial dysfunction [27]. The analysis of placentas from women with preeclampsia often reveals arterial sclerosis, leading to inadequate perfusion and subsequent ischemia [27,45,46].…”