Review of Advanced Cooling Systems of Modern Electric Machines for EMobility Application

Chong, Yew Chuan; Staton, D.A.; Gai, Yaohui; Adam, Husain; Popescu, Mircea

doi:10.1109/wemdcd51469.2021.9425675

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, they suffer from complicated model setup and extremely high computational burdens. More specifically, the thermal FEM and CFD always require a 3-D model [200,201], which severely increases computational time, especially in transient calculations [60]. More-over, some components within the PM machines may be not critical in the electromagnetic FEM, e.g., the impregnation, the wire insulation, the slot wedge and liner, the bearing, the housing, etc., but they have a great influence on the thermal behaviours [17].…”

Section: Numerical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective of Thermal Analysis and Management for Permanent Magnet Machines, with Particular Reference to Hotspot Temperatures

Zhu

Liang

2022

Energies

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Permanent magnet (PM) machines have been extensively used for various applications. Nevertheless, thermal effect, particularly hotspot temperature, not only severely restricts power/torque density but also leads to deteriorations in electromagnetic performance, service life, and reliability. Starting with foundations of PM machines and heat transfer mechanisms, this paper reviews the development of thermal analysis methods over the last thirty years and the state-of-the-art research achievements, and the hotspot temperatures of winding and PM are particularly evaluated. In the overview, various machine losses and cooling techniques are first introduced, which are the essential reasons for temperature rise and the most straightforward way to remove the generated heat. Afterwards, the mainstream thermal analysis techniques, i.e., numerical techniques, lumped-parameter thermal model, and hybrid thermal models, as well as the online electrical parameter-based and thermal model-based temperature monitoring techniques, are reviewed and assessed in depth. In addition, this paper also reviews the analytical thermal modelling methods for winding and PM. Finally, future research trends are highlighted.

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Section: Numerical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective of Thermal Analysis and Management for Permanent Magnet Machines, with Particular Reference to Hotspot Temperatures

Zhu

Liang

2022

Energies

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“…The conductors are also the most susceptible to high temperatures due to insulation thermal degradation. While copper is highly thermally conductive, the conductivity of the entire winding body is quite low due to the insulation, air bubble and contact resistances present in windings [89]. Furthermore, in a conventionally cooled machine, the heat needs to travel through the core material, which typically has a low value of thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Direct Conductor Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Additive Manufacturing in the Thermal Design of Electrical Machines: A Review

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a key technology for advancing many fields, including electrical machines. It offers unparalleled design freedom together with low material waste and fast prototyping, which is why it has become to focus of many researchers. For electrical machines, AM allows the production of designs with optimized mechanical, electromagnetic and thermal parameters. This paper attempts to give the reader an overview of the existing research and thermal solutions which have been realized with the use of AM. These include novel heat sink and heat exchanger designs, solutions for cooling the machine windings directly, and additively manufactured hollow windings. Some solutions such as heat pipes, which have been produced with AM but not used to cool electrical machines, are also discussed, as these are used in conventional designs and will certainly be used for additively manufactured electrical machines in the future.

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Enhancement of cooling performance in traction motor of electric vehicle using direct slot cooling method

Park

Han

et al. 2022

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Review of Advanced Cooling Systems of Modern Electric Machines for EMobility Application

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Perspective of Thermal Analysis and Management for Permanent Magnet Machines, with Particular Reference to Hotspot Temperatures

Perspective of Thermal Analysis and Management for Permanent Magnet Machines, with Particular Reference to Hotspot Temperatures

Utilization of Additive Manufacturing in the Thermal Design of Electrical Machines: A Review

Enhancement of cooling performance in traction motor of electric vehicle using direct slot cooling method

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