Review of atomization and mixing characteristics of pintle injectors

Zhao, Fan; Zhang, Hao; Zhang, Haibin; Bai, Bofeng; Zhao, Ling

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2022.08.042

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…We consider the constraints of the variables for better performance. For this, we investigate major previous research [10][11][12][13][14]16,19,23,25,39] and set the constraints based on the research as follows:…”

Section: Constraints Of Design Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, numerous research teams have studied the design and analysis of pintle-injector LPREs. However, they considered only the injection conditions and analyzed the performance under various injection conditions without optimizing the design studies [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Then, M. Son et al introduced a design process that optimizes operation based on experimental results under various injection conditions [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical Approach to Optimize the Design of a Pintle Injector for LOX/GCH4 Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

2023

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This study presents an optimal design approach of a pintle injector for a deep throttlable liquid-propellant rocket engine (LPRE). Even though the pintle injector is used in rocket engines, it has become more important since reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) recently became a trend due to their economic and environmental benefits. However, since many variables must be determined to design a pintle injector, optimizing the pintle injector design is complicated. For this, we design a pintle injector to optimize the performance parameters; the spray angle, vaporization distance, and Sauter mean diameter (SMD). To confirm the approach, we design a pintle injector using an optimization method based on convex quadratic programming (CQP) for a 1000 N thrust and a throttle ability of 5 to 1 LPRE with liquid oxygen and gaseous methane. Then, we verify the performance using a numerical simulation. Through this work, we check the effectiveness of the optimization method for a pintle injector design.

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Section: Constraints Of Design Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Approach to Optimize the Design of a Pintle Injector for LOX/GCH4 Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

2023

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Effect of the Flow Passage Area Ratio on a Double Slit-Type Pintle Injector

Lee,

Shim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Int. J. Aeronaut. Space Sci.

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Due to the structural characteristics of the pintle injector, a recirculation zone is generated under the pintle, so the pintle tip is directly exposed to a high-temperature environment. Therefore, the cooling technique and protective coating on the pintle tip are essential for improving the reusability and durability of the pintle injector. Although various cooling methods are known, this study applied a forced flow passage cooling method by adding internal structures called inserts to the pintle injector. The characteristics of the insert were analyzed experimentally and numerically based on change of its area ratio. When the internal flow changes, the spray angle, droplet size, and cooling performance also change in accordance with an increase in the insert’s central area. When the insert structure is installed in the pintle post, upward flow may occur, which can worsen the spray angle and droplet distribution characteristics. Nevertheless, owing to the insert structure, the surface temperature of the pintle post is reduced dramatically as intended. Thus, an optimal design technique for cooling by changing the area ratio of the first- and second-row slits of the pintle post can be suggested to overcome the limitations of the insert structure. The results of this study will be helpful in understanding the spray characteristics of the insert structure and optimize the design of cooling channels for reusable pintle injectors in the future.

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Comparative study of mechanical alloying and other conventional powder metallurgical methods

Sharath,

Rao

2024

Mechanical Alloying of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys

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Review of atomization and mixing characteristics of pintle injectors

Cited by 19 publications

References 96 publications

A Numerical Approach to Optimize the Design of a Pintle Injector for LOX/GCH4 Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

A Numerical Approach to Optimize the Design of a Pintle Injector for LOX/GCH4 Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

Effect of the Flow Passage Area Ratio on a Double Slit-Type Pintle Injector

Comparative study of mechanical alloying and other conventional powder metallurgical methods

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