Review of diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI for multiple myeloma and its precursors (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smouldering myeloma)

Berghe, Thomas Van Den; Verstraete, Koenraad; Lecouvet, Frédéric; Lejoly, Maryse; Dutoit, Julie C.

doi:10.1007/s00256-021-03903-8

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…62 63 This quantitative analysis involves the conversion of signal intensity to gadolinium concentration and fitting of the data into a tissue model, and yields four main parameters (volume transfer constant [K trans ], rate constant [K ep ], fractional plasma volume [V p, ], and extravascular space [V e ]) that reflect the gadolinium distribution between the intravascular and the extravascular-extracellular compartment. 42 Quantitative DCE-MRI has been mainly used in a research setting to gain knowledge of the pathophysiology of various diseases such as osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, and osteoarthritis. 25 64 65…”

Section: Marrow Perfusion: Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Bone Marrow Imaging: Strengths and Limitations from a Clinical Perspective

Mourad

Cosentino

Lalonde

et al. 2023

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the modality of choice to image bone marrow. However, the last few decades have witnessed the emergence and development of novel MRI techniques, such as chemical shift imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and whole-body MRI, as well as spectral computed tomography and nuclear medicine techniques. We summarize the technical bases behind these methods, in relation to the common physiologic and pathologic processes involving the bone marrow. We present the strengths and limitations of these imaging methods and consider their added value compared with conventional imaging in assessing non-neoplastic disorders like septic, rheumatologic, traumatic, and metabolic conditions. The potential usefulness of these methods to differentiate between benign and malignant bone marrow lesions is discussed. Finally, we consider the limitations hampering a more widespread use of these techniques in clinical practice.

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Section: Marrow Perfusion: Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the difference between normal marrow and malignant lesions, DWI has been established as a method of reference to assess bone marrow involvement in the oncologic setting. [41][42][43] DWI has also been used to differentiate between benign and malignant bone marrow lesions.…”

Section: Lesion Characterization and Evaluation Of Vertebral Compress...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Bone Marrow Imaging: Strengths and Limitations from a Clinical Perspective

Mourad

Cosentino

Lalonde

et al. 2023

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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“…The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from DWIBS could quantify abnormal clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. 12 The modified Dixon chemical-shift imaging Quant (mDIXON Quant) sequence with 6-echo acquisition, 7-peak fat modeling, and T2* correction enabled robust water-fat separation, with high quality fat quantification. 13 Fat fraction (FF) measurement could help assess bone marrow fat content.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…MRI‐based functional imaging techniques have been increasingly implemented in recent years for the examination of MM patients, among which diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) shows a contrast between tissues based on differences in the motion of water molecules at the cellular level. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from DWIBS could quantify abnormal clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow 12 . The modified Dixon chemical‐shift imaging Quant (mDIXON Quant) sequence with 6‐echo acquisition, 7‐peak fat modeling, and T2* correction enabled robust water‐fat separation, with high quality fat quantification 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Whole‐Body MRI for Accessing the Degree of Diffuse Infiltration Patterns and Identifying High Risk Cases of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Sun,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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BackgroundAccurate identification of high‐risk multiple myeloma (HRMM) is important for prognostication. The degree of diffuse infiltration patterns on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with patient prognosis in multiple myeloma. However, objective indexes to determine the degree of diffuse infiltration patterns are unavailable.PurposeTo investigate whether qualitative and quantitative evaluations of diffuse infiltration patterns on MRI could identify HRMM.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsTotally, 180 patients (79 HRMM and 101 standard‐risk MM) were assessed. The presence of del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), gain 1q, and/or p53 mutations was considered to indicate HRMM.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS), modified Dixon chemical‐shift imaging Quant (mDIXON Quant), and short TI inversion recovery (STIR).AssessmentQualitative analysis involved assessing the degree of diffuse marrow infiltration (mild, moderate, or severe), and quantitative analysis involved evaluating apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fat fraction (FF), and T2* values. Clinical data such as sex, age, hemoglobin, serum albumin, serum calcium, serum creatinine, serum lactate dehydrogenase, β2‐microglobulin, and bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) were also included.Statistical TestsUnivariate and multivariate analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe high‐risk group had significantly higher ADC and T2* and lower FF compared with the standard‐risk group. Multivariate analysis indicated BMPCs as a significant independent risk factor for HRMM (odds ratio (OR) = 1.019, 95% CI 1.004–1.033), while FF was a significant independent protective factor associated with HRMM (OR = 0.972, 95% CI 0.946–0.999). The combination of BMPCs and FF achieved the highest areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.732, with sensitivity and specificity of 70.9% and 68.3%, respectively.Data ConclusionCompared with qualitative analysis, FF value was independently associated with HRMM. The quantitative features of diffuse marrow infiltration on MRI scans are more effective in detecting HRMM.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2

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“…Dr. Vande Berg and colleagues address the marrow involvement patterns, which may also be helpful to radiologists interpreting MRI scans in patients with myeloma and other infiltrative disorders of bone marrow [6]. Dr. Van Den Berghe and colleagues discuss the added value of diffusion and dynamic contrast imaging to routine MRI [7]. Dr. Rosenthal has not only chosen the most creative title ("Floccinaucinihilipilification: is there a continuing role for the radiographic skeletal survey?…”

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confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special section on multiple myeloma

Chang

Palmer

2021

Skeletal Radiol

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Review of diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI for multiple myeloma and its precursors (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smouldering myeloma)

Cited by 17 publications

References 76 publications

Advances in Bone Marrow Imaging: Strengths and Limitations from a Clinical Perspective

Advances in Bone Marrow Imaging: Strengths and Limitations from a Clinical Perspective

Quantitative Analysis of Whole‐Body MRI for Accessing the Degree of Diffuse Infiltration Patterns and Identifying High Risk Cases of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Introduction to the special section on multiple myeloma

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