Review of Eco-Friendly Biochar Used in the Removal of Trace Metals on Aqueous Phases

Abstract

Eco-friendly biochar produced from cost-effective and readily available agricultural waste will likely pose no threat on the aqueous phases, other environmental media, human health and emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Optimising biochar for an intended application could require careful selection of a biomass feedstock as well as production pyrolysis technique and conditions for the production of biochars with specific characteristics. Previous studies have explores the relationships that exist between biochar production conditions, characteristics, and possible end-uses of biochar. This review provides an overview of the production and utilisation of biochar as absorbents for adsorption of trace metals in contaminated aqueous environment. Biochar has great affinity to adsorb molecular ions that is making it possible to be used for various toxicological remediation strategies. It has proven effective and useful for mitigating aqueous metals, organic compounds, suspended solids, and organic hydrocarbons in a various kind of industrial applications such as urban and residential storm water runoff, landfill leachates, industrial runoff, resource extraction runoff, and industrial wastewater filtration. Specifically designed biochar could be very effective in the removal of trace metals from contaminated aqueous environment. The multiple factors that determine the adsorption of the trace metals in aqueous environment or phases needs to be carefully examined. Cost-effectiveness of biomass feedstock and eco-friendliness of techniques need to also be given much consideration by way of making comparison with existing contaminant mitigation technologies. Keywords: aqueous phases, biochar, cost-effective, biomass feedstock, removal, trace metalsCite This Article: A. B. Duwiejuah, S.

Performance of Zea mays L. cultivars in tannery polluted soils: Management of chromium phytotoxicity through the application of biochar and compost

“…Addition of organic amendments, for example, animal manure, compost, biochar, etc. has the great potential to improve fertility status in degraded soils by improving soil aggregation and aggregate stability and thus play very important role in the amelioration of soils polluted with heavy metal (Duwiejuah et al, 2017; Huang et al, 2020; Lian et al, 2019).…”

Study of the Interaction of Heavy Metals (Cu(II), Zn(II)) Ions with a Clay Soil of the Region of Naima-Tiaret-Algeria

“…The adsorption data were also analyzed with Freundlich isotherm which expressed the adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces of solid with infinity site. The logarithmic form of the Freundlich equation ( 12) [22] is: (12) where KF (L/mg) and 1/n are Freundlich constants. The adsorption process to be linear (n = 1), chemical (n < 1) and favorable physical process (n > 1).…”

Biochar compared with activated granular carbon for landfill leachate treatment

“…The carbonization temperature affects the porosity of materials and the same on the adsorption capacity. As it appears from the literature, the process of removing contaminants using biochar proceed according to various mechanisms [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Table 2.…”

“…Pb precipitation of phosphates [19] straw from sugar cane 300°C Cr reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) [20,21] oak wood 450°C sorption [22] wheat straw 400°C Cu adsorption by surface complexation [23] nut shells 800°C sorption of humic acids at pH 6 [24] soybean stalk 700°C Hg precipitation, complexation and reduction [25] broiler litter manure 250°C Ni adsorption and partitioning mechanisms [26] wheat straw and rapeseed 100°C Cd/Pb adsorption using aromatic structure [27] , The leachate was derived from the regional municipal waste landfill in Silesian Province (Poland). The landfill has been in operation since 1987, therefore it should be included in the group of "old landfills".…”

“…The degree of metal sorption has the adsorbents used and was similar and ranged from 84% to 96% depending on its type (Table 7). As results from the research and reports, biochar is an attractive adsorbent of organic pollutants and heavy metals [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The use of porous biochar in the aeration chamber during the biological treatment of leachate as a carrier of activated sludge flocs will allow simultaneous biodegradation and adsorption of pollutants.…”