Review of fast charging strategies for lithium-ion battery systems and their applicability for battery electric vehicles

Wassiliadis, Nikolaos; Schneider, Jakob Hans Josef; Frank, Alexander; Wildfeuer, Leo; Lin, Xue; Jossen, Andreas; Lienkamp, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.est.2021.103306

Cited by 140 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the key technology to meet the needs of next-generation electric vehicles (EVs), due to their high energy and power densities and lower costs. 1 However, widespread adoption of EVs is still impeded back by certain barriers such as effective driving range, 2 refueling times/charging rates, 3 battery lifetime, 4 and safety. 5 Adopting larger cell formats in order to maximize volumetric energy density at the cell and module level can increase vehicle range and reduce manufacturing costs, 6 but introduces new challenges, such as decreased cooling performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Frank¹,

Sturm²,

Steinhardt³

et al. 2022

ECS Adv.

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The 18650 and 21700 cell format are state of the art for high-energy cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, while Tesla proposed the new 4680 format with a continuous "tabless" design as the choice for electric vehicle applications. Using an experimentally validated multidimensional multiphysics model describing a high energy NMC811/Si-C cylindrical lithium-ion battery, the effects of tabless design and cooling topologies are evaluated for 18650, 21700, and 4680 cell formats under varying charging protocols. Mantle cooling is found to be the most efficient cooling topology for a segmented tab design, whereas tab cooling performs equally well for tabless cells and achieves better performance for the 4680 format. By massively reducing polarization drops (approx. 250 mV at 3C) and heat generation inside the current collectors (up to 99%), the tabless design increases cell homogeneity and enables format-independent scalability of fast-charging performance with a tab-cooling topology. In addition, the 0 to 0.8 SoC charge time can be reduced by 4 to 10 minutes compared to cells with a segmented tab design, resulting in 16.2 minutes for the 18650 and 21700, and 16.5 minutes for the larger 4680 cell format.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Frank¹,

Sturm²,

Steinhardt³

et al. 2022

ECS Adv.

Self Cite

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“…Applying the fast-charging in a mismatched SoC region (i.e., low or high SoC region) leads to accelerated aging effects on batteries such as the destabilization of the lattice structure, the release of lattice oxygen, side (electro)chemical reactions and excessive heat generation etc, leading to a rapid degradation of the batteries and safety hazards [54][55][56][57]. Many researchers thus are shifting their focus to more physics-oriented strategies providing direct insights towards the battery materials [58].…”

Section: Operando Orp-eis For Monitoring Of Libs Under Various Chargi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a promising tool for monitoring lithium-ion batteries during fast charging

Zhu

Hallemans²,

Wouters³

et al. 2022

Journal of Power Sources

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“…For commercial EV lithium batteries, they can be categorized into two major battery chemistries, ternary and LiFePO 4 [14]. Ternary lithium batteries adopt layer oxide cathode material such as lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM: LiNi 1−x−y Co x Mn y O 2 ) and lithium nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA: LiNi 1−x−y Co x Al y O 2 ).…”

Section: Battery Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Battery Model and Its Application to Parallel Charging

Shieh

Liu

et al. 2022

Energies

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A new SOC (State-Of-Charge)–VOC (Voltage-of-Open-Circuit) mathematical model was proposed in this paper, which is particularly useful in parallel lithium battery modeling. When the battery strings are charged in parallel connection, the batteries can be deemed as capacitors with different capacitances, and the one with larger capacitance always obtains the higher current. According to this mathematical model, the parallel battery charging with different peak capacitances can result in different voltage slew rates on different battery strings during the constant current control. Different parallel battery strings are charged with different currents, of which the battery string under higher current can induce higher power loss and higher temperature. The conventional solution can use this model to switch the constant current charging into the constant voltage charging with the correct timing to avoid overcurrent charging. Other battery pack protection methods including current sense resistor, resettable thermal cutoff device, or resettable fuse can also use this mathematical model to improve the protection. In the experiments, three kinds of batteries including LiFePO4 battery, EV Type-1 battery, and ternary battery were examined. The experiments showed good consistency with the simulation results derived from the mathematical model.

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Review of fast charging strategies for lithium-ion battery systems and their applicability for battery electric vehicles

Cited by 140 publications

References 146 publications

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

Operando odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a promising tool for monitoring lithium-ion batteries during fast charging

Lithium Battery Model and Its Application to Parallel Charging

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