Review of fundamentals and applications of polyester nanocomposites filled with carbonaceous nanofillers

Abstract

Polyester is a versatile commercially significant polymer (thermoplastic/thermoset) well-known for its biodegradability and excellent thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties. Synthetic aromatic polyester resins usually have better moisture resistance, nonflammability, liquid crystal, strength, thermal, and environmental features compared with natural/aliphatic polyesters. Nanofillers can reinforce these important polymers to further enhance the final nanocomposite structural and physical characteristics. This review presents research devoted to polyester nanocomposites with essential nanofillers such as; nanodiamond, fullerene, carbon nanotube, graphene, and graphene oxide. High-performance polyester/nanocomposites have been developed based on modified polyester design, nanofiller functionality, and optimized interaction between matrix and nanofiller. This article also presents state-of-the-art technological development in the field of polyester/nanocomposites predominantly in supercapacitors, fuel cells, shape memory materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, textiles, and biomedical appliances. Furthermore, future scenarios in scientific development of these nanocomposites are discussed.

Review on conducting polymer/nanodiamond nanocomposites: Essences and functional performance

“…23,24 Most carbon atoms are concentrated in the sp 3 ND core which is a few nm. Outer carbon shell is stabilized carbon atoms in sp 2 /sp 3 configuration. 25 Nanodiamond possesses a unique surface having many reactive groups such as: cyano, amide, amine, ether, hydroxyl, carbonyl and anhydride.…”

“…2 Carbonaceous nanoparticles such as: graphene and carbon nanotube, and metals and ceramic nanoparticles are used to reinforce conducting polymers. 3,4 In this regard, the compatibility between the nanostructures and conjugated polymers is enhanced through nanofiller modification. 3,4 Nanodiamond (ND), a zero-dimensional nanoparticle, has desirable and tailorable combination of properties such as being nanosized, low dimensionality, high conductivity, high strength, and low aspect ratio.…”

“…3,4 In this regard, the compatibility between the nanostructures and conjugated polymers is enhanced through nanofiller modification. 3,4 Nanodiamond (ND), a zero-dimensional nanoparticle, has desirable and tailorable combination of properties such as being nanosized, low dimensionality, high conductivity, high strength, and low aspect ratio. 5 Nanodiamond is, thus, a most promising and attractive nanomaterial for use in advanced technologies.…”

High performance epoxy/polyester-based nanocomposite coatings for multipurpose applications: A review

“…Polyesters are also technical polymers having excellent physical properties. 4,5 Essential characteristics of polyesters such as hydrophobicity, strength, toughness, and chemical inertness have been enhanced through blending with other polymers. 6 Blending epoxy with polyester has created multifunctional coating formulations which offer synergistic improvements.…”

A review of high performance polymer nanocomposites for packaging applications in electronics and food industries

“…Polymeric nanocomposites based on thermoplastic, thermoset, and elastomer matrices have been reinforced with nano-sized, high aspect ratio particles. 1,2 Packaging based on polymeric nanocomposites provides strong physical and chemical protection essential for the packed goods. 3,4 For example, nanocomposites based on polyamide, epoxy, polyethylene, and other matrices have been employed in battery packaging.…”