Review of Hydrogen Isotope Permeability Through Materials

Steward, S.A.

doi:10.2172/5277693

Cited by 159 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…5) indicate the sequence of the measurements. The decrease in flux with decreasing temperature is similar to our results for Nb foil but is not predicted on the basis of solubility and diffusivity [10], suggesting that the sample was influenced by extrinsic factors, such as oxidation or interdiffusion between the Ta foil and its Pd coating. Although the Ta foil's temperature dependence resembles that of Nb foil, initial results suggest that Ta foil is less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Hydrogen separation membranes annual report for FY 2008.

Dorris¹,

Emerson²,

Lee³

et al. 2009

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Hydrogen separation membranes annual report for FY 2008.

Dorris¹,

Emerson²,

Lee³

et al. 2009

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“…In most cases the gas flux of the membranes was reduced after sputtering as can be expected due to the relatively nonpermeable nature of the metal. Hydrogen permeation through Pt is negligible when compared to the gas transport through PEI at temperatures below 80 °C [28].…”

Section: Membrane Preparation and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial hydrogenation of soybean oil using metal-decorated integral-asymmetric polymer membranes: Effects of morphology and membrane properties

Singh

Rezac

Pfromm

2010

Journal of Membrane Science

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Three phase reaction schemes pose numerous challenges to reactor design due to the slow diffusional mass transfer of reactants from the gas phase through a liquid to the active sites of the catalyst. An example is partial hydrogenation of vegetable oil which is traditionally carried out in a batch autoclave by bubbling hydrogen gas though a slurry of oil and solid catalyst particles containing Ni. Unwanted trans fatty acids (TFA) are formed during this process due to the scarcity of hydrogen at the active catalyst sites. Here we investigate the use of metal decorated integral-asymmetric polymer membranes to enable the supply of dissolved hydrogen near the location where the liquid oil phase contacts the catalyst. Hydrogen gas is supplied to the porous sub-structure of the asymmetric membrane where it dissolves in the thin skin layer of the membrane and emerges as dissolved hydrogen on the metal-decorated side of the membrane where the oil is present. Temperature and pressure are compatible with existing facilities. All membranes produced low TFA (2.6-4.6 wt% at Iodine Value of 95) compared to the slurry process. A 1000 metric ton per day soybean oil hydrogenation facility would require 2-3000 m 2 membrane area with a total of 90 grams of Pt metal catalyst. This could be envisioned as metal sputtered hollow fibers packaged in conventional modules.

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“…Pd is among the most active catalysts for H2 dissociation, the essential first step in hydrogen transfer across an alloy membrane, meaning that a single layer of Pd or a Pd-based alloy can act as a H-selective membrane. Although Steward's review [11] shows that many metals exhibit significantly greater permeability than Pd, their unfavorable surface properties mean they can only function as a membrane with addition of a thin Pd catalytic over-layer.…”

Section: Catalytic Dissociation Of Hydrogen Molecules By Pd and Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is driving the development of less-expensive alternative membrane materials. Steward's review of hydrogen permeability [11] showed several metals have equivalent or greater permeability than Pd. Furthermore, many of these metals, such as Ni, Co, Nb, Zr, cost in the range of USD 1-3 oz -1 , making them of great interest as potential Pd-alternatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in the Ni–Nb–Zr amorphous alloy membranes

et al. 2016

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Most of the global H2 production is derived from hydrocarbon-based fuels, and efficient H2/CO2 separation is necessary to deliver a high purity H2 product. Hydrogen-selective alloy membranes are emerging as a viable alternative to traditional pressure swing absorption processes as a means for H2/CO2 separation. These membranes can be formed from a wide range of alloys, and those based on Pd are the closest to commercial deployment. The high cost of Pd (USD ~31,000 kg -1 ), however, is driving the development of less-expensive alternatives, including inexpensive amorphous (Ni60Nb40)100-xZrx alloys. Amorphous alloy membranes can be fabricated directly from the molten state into continuous ribbons via melt spinning, and depending on the composition, can exhibit relatively high hydrogen permeability between 473 and 673 K. Here we review recent developments in these low-cost membrane materials, especially with respect to permeation behavior, electrical transport properties, and understanding of local atomic order. In a quest to further understand the nature of these solids, atom probe tomography has been performed, revealing amorphous Nb-rich and Zr-rich clusters embedded in, majority Ni matrix, whose compositions deviated from the nominal overall composition of the membrane.

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Review of Hydrogen Isotope Permeability Through Materials

Cited by 159 publications

References 9 publications

Hydrogen separation membranes annual report for FY 2008.

Hydrogen separation membranes annual report for FY 2008.

Partial hydrogenation of soybean oil using metal-decorated integral-asymmetric polymer membranes: Effects of morphology and membrane properties

Developments in the Ni–Nb–Zr amorphous alloy membranes

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