Review of measured crop water productivity values for irrigated wheat, rice, cotton and maize

Evaluation of water movement and water losses in a direct-seeded-rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D

“…Ye et al (2013) reported that the WP IR s of intermittently irrigated TPR in the Taihu Lake Basin were between 0.48 and 1.06 kg/m 3 for different fertilizer managements, with average values of 0.88 and 0.77 kg/m 3 during the 2010 and 2011 seasons, respectively. The WP ET s in our experiments fall in the range of globally measured values for rice (0.6-1.6 kg/m 3 ), and are higher than the average value (1.09 kg/m 3 ) (Zwart and Bastiaanssen, 2004) but slightly lower than the median value of 1.52 kg/m 3 (ranging from 0.89-2.03 kg/m 3 ) reported by Roost et al (2008) for TPR of the Zhanghe Irrigation District in Central China. The evaluated water productivities indicated that DSR in the 2008 season had a better water use efficiency compared to DSR in the 2009 season, and that the DSR in the 2009 season sufficiently used rainfall.…”

Biomass sorghum and maize have similar water-use-efficiency under non-drought conditions in the rain-fed Midwest U.S.

“…Research conducted in a Mediterranean region found that sweet sorghum was more water-use-efficient than major grain crops, including maize, wheat, barley, and soybean (Katerji & Mastrorilli, 2014). However, the WUE of sorghum has been shown to vary with environment, management, and sub-type, which has been reported for other species (Zwart & Bastiaanssen, 2004). In a literature review we found that the mean WUE of sorghum was 3.4 g kg -1 , including both irrigated and rain-fed reports for biomass, sweet, and grain varieties (Table 1.1).…”

“…Plants that utilize the C4 photosynthetic pathway are more water-use-efficient than C3 species in both natural and managed ecosystems (Sage & Monson, 1998;Zwart & Bastiaanssen, 2004;Katerji & Mastrorilli, 2014). The greater WUE of the C4 pathway is due to a CO2 concentrating mechanism in specialized bundle sheath cells that permits high photosynthetic rates with reduced stomatal conductance in C4 plants, relative to C3 plants (Sage & Monson, 1998).…”

Alternate wetting and drying reduces methane emission from a rice paddy in Central Java, Indonesia without yield loss

“…However, AWD and AWDS did not enhance the resultant WP owing to the no significant difference in rice grain yield among treatments. Increasing WP implies either to produce the same yield with less water or to obtain greater crop yield with the same water volume (Zwart and Bastiaanssen 2004). To make AWD feasible under the local environmental and socioeconomic conditions, further study is necessary to elucidate the minimum water requirement of the cultivar used.…”