Advanced surgeries, such as endoscopic surgery, are widely performed, but it is difficult to achieve safety in these surgical procedures. For example, in the field of otolaryngology, although endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS) is commonly performed as a treatment for chronic sinusitis, ESS requires sophisticated psychomotor skills and a knowledge of the relationship of nasal sinuses to vulnerable adjacent structures(i.e., the orbit, or the base of . Thus, an image-guided navigation system is increasingly used to enhance the safety of ESS. However, as reported in the literature 2) , complications related to ESS still occur despite the use of the navigation system. In order to enhance the safety of this surgery further, it is essential to improve surgeonsʼ levels of the relevant knowledge and skills. Therefore, methods for quantitatively measuring, analyzing, and evaluating surgical tasks or workflow are increasingly being proposed 3) . These approaches can be
AbstractA high level of surgical skill is required for endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS), a procedure that involves the nasal sinus, which is adjacent to important organs, without injury. However, it is difficult to assess such surgery quantitatively in a clinical environment. Thus, we employed a surgical navigation system that is currently used in ESS, and have developed a method to assess surgical tasks by utilizing the navigation system as a recording medium. Previously, we had developed a method for analyzing the manipulation of an endoscope, which is an important aspect of ESS, using this navigation system, based on simulated surgeries. Here, we established a method for measuring and analyzing endoscope manipulation during clinical image-guided ESS. In this study, we analyzed 8 clinical cases, in which expert surgeons treated one nasal cavity, and resident surgeons treated the contralateral cavity, by ESS. In order to clarify the features of endoscopic manipulation by experts and residents in detail, we performed principal component analysis as well as time-series analysis using the analytical parameters derived from information stored on the navigation system. Our proposed method enabled quantitative evaluation of the performance of endoscopic manipulation during ESS in a clinical environment.