Review of modern materials for the treatment of pulpal hyperemia

Abstract

Background. The treatment of pulp inflammation takes an important place among modern dentistry problems. Depulpated teeth in some cases become chronic source of infection. They could also cause an odontogenic infection of the maxillofacial region. In this regard, it is important to use conservative methods of treatment to eliminate the inflammatory process in the dental pulp and preserve the vitality of the tooth.Aim. The aim of this study is to collect and systematize the information about modern aspects of the conservative treatment of pulp hyperemia that is presented in scientific articles and to study the effects and impacts of bioactive materials on pulp tissues.Materials and methods. A search was made for literature sources in the database: PubMed, dissercat.com, elibrary.ru, cyberleninka.ru using the keywords «caries», «pulp hyperemia», «pulpitis», «bioactive materials» with a choice of article types «Clinical Trial», «Meta-Analysis», «Review», «Systematic Review».Results. After analyzing the literature review, an idea was obtained about the pathogenesis of the pulp at various stages of inflammation, criteria for its clinical assessment of the morphological state, pathophysiological and cytological processes of the pulp when exposed to bioactive materials. A modern classification and review of bioactive materials used in the treatment of pulp hyperemia is presented.Conclusions. Studying the literature on the morphology and pathophysiology of the pulp, on its reserve possibilities of the regeneration plan, it was found that the inflammation in the dental pulp is reversible. This requires modern therapeutic materials that cause the reverse development of inflammation in the dental pulp. A conservative method of treating pulp hyperemia involves using materials that restore the structural and functional properties of the pulp, so preserve its vitality. This review article provides an overview of the materials used in the conservative treatment of pulp hyperemia according to Russian and foreign literature.