review of modern trends and historical stages of development of lake research in Mongolia

Abstract

There is the need to divide Mongolia's lake research into trends of development stages and to provide a detailed analysis of modern lake research. The aim of this study is to identify the development stages of lake research in Mongolia and to analyse lake research development. This study provides a comparative analysis of the development trends of lake research carried out in the country. The historical development of lake research in Mongolia was divided into 4 stages in chronological order, highlighting the current research direction, scope, and contribution to geography. Since 1990, researchers from many countries have been able to conduct extensive research in Mongolia, and especially since the 2000s, lake research intensified owing to global warming and environmental change. Studies, in particular, focus on paleogeography, paleoclimate changes, lake water regimes and water level fluctuation. Mongolian lake-based studies have tended to identify environmental evolution from the Pleistocene to the Holocene. The investigated areas were primarily Khuvsgul Lake and Darkhad Basin, Lakes Valley and Gobi Lakes, the Great Lake Depression, Mongolian Altai and Khangai Mountain lakes. Since 1990, scientists from Russia, Mongolia, Germany, China, Japan, USA and South Korea have been increasingly focusing on research into lakes in Mongolia. Paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstruction, based on the lakes of Central Asia, is being conducted in an innovative manner. Dividing Mongolia's lake research into development stages and identifying research trends will help determine which areas of research can be developed in the future.

Geomorphological study of the origin of Mongolian Altai Mountains Lake depressions: implications for the relationships between tectonic and glacial processes

“…In the mountains surrounding the lake depression, the morphology of the glacial trough valley is well-developed due to the influence of Alpine glaciation, as confirmed by DISCUSSION AND CONLUSIONS In addition to tectonic influences, the climatic and geomorphological processes of the glacial and post-glacial periods have had a major impact on the location, appearance, and type of Central Asian lakes (Enkhbold et al, 2022d). The Alpine glaciation has influenced the pattern, location, and area of the depressions in the lakes.…”

“…These large depressions, situated between the mountains of Mongolia, predominantly exist in the western half of the country, with their direction extending from northwest to southeast. Following this system of mountains and depressions, an extensive lake system of Mongolia was formed (Tsegmid, 1969;Tserensodnom, 1971;Shinneman et al, 2009;Enkhbold et al, 2022d). Many lakes in Mongolia were formed by the influence of tectonic movements between mountains, valleys, and faults (Tserensodnom, 2000;Enkhbold et al, 2021;Enkhbold et al, 2022a,b,c).…”

Glacial Lakes of Mongolia

“…The most comprehensive work on the Mongolian lakes is the book Lakes of Mongolia by Orkhonselenge et al (2022) [31] that also includes a chapter on the history of their exploration. Another good overview of the history of lake research in Mongolia was presented by Enkhbold et al (2022) [32]. Klinge and Sauer (2019) [33] and Khenzykhenova et al (2021) [34] reviewed the literature on paleoenvironmental research on the Mongolian lakes.…”