Review of Open Cavity Random Lasers as Laser-Based Sensors

Azmi, Ahmad Najib; Ismail, Wan Abdul Fattah Wan; Hassan, H. Abu; Halim, Mohd Mahadi; Zainal, N.; Muskens, Otto L.; Kamil, Wan Maryam Wan Ahmad

doi:10.1021/acssensors.1c02749

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…In the last two decades, several review articles have provided an extensive insight of the physics [ 41 , 42 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ] and potential applications of RLs [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ]. Along with a deeper physical understanding and rapid development of new materials and new findings [ 74 , 75 , 76 ], an updated review article seems in high demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Applications of Random Lasers as Emerging Light Sources and Optical Sensors: A Review

Späth

Klämpfl

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In a random laser (RL), optical feedback arises from multiple scattering instead of conventional mirrors. RLs generate a laser-like emission, and meanwhile take advantage of a simpler and more flexible laser configuration. The applicability of RLs as light sources and optical sensors has been proved. These applications have been extended to the biological field, with tissues as natural scattering materials. Herein, the current state of the RL properties and applications was reviewed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Applications of Random Lasers as Emerging Light Sources and Optical Sensors: A Review

Späth

Klämpfl

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…Taking advantage of the random cavity, the corresponding nanolasers usually display a very broad angular distribution, low-cost, and simple processing technology, and have potential application advantages in lighting and display applications. [65][66][67]…”

Section: Random Cavitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of Electrically Pumped Nanolasers

Ren

Fang

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Electrically pumped nanolasers have achieved many exciting achievements and display a wide range of potential application prospects in the fields of optoelectronic chips, information storage, and biosensing. However, there is lacking an in-depth and extensive review of the recent development of electrically pumped nanolasers. Herein, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the electrically pumped nanolasers is first given according to the device configurations, including electrically pumped single nanolaser, nanoarray lasers, nanobeam lasers, and plasmonic nanolasers with different cavity structures. Furthermore, some problems and challenges restricting the development of electrically pumped nanolasers are summarized, and the corresponding solutions and development directions are proposed. This review will provide valuable suggestions for optimizing the device structure of electrically pumped nanolasers with new high-gain semiconductor materials and particularly further promote their rapid application development.

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“…10,11 During the last three decades and also applications have been proposed, such as speckle-free imaging, 12 spectroscopy 13 and in particular in the field of sensing. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Since the biological tissue is a scattering material, random lasing has been reported in such a medium, [20][21][22][23][24] opening the possibility of diagnostic purposes. [25][26][27] Since the random laser emission strongly depends on the scattering, such an optical system has been considered in particular for sensing strongly scattering samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random laser-based noninvasive sensor for direct measurements of scattering samples

Tommasi¹,

Fini²,

Martelli³

et al. 2023

Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue XV

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The invention of the random laser has opened a new frontier in optics, providing also the opportunity to explore new possibilities in the field of sensing. The research in optical sensors has indeed been largely encouraged by the demand for low-cost and non-invasive new detection strategies. The main advantage in exploiting the physical principle of the random laser in optical sensors is due to the presence of the stimulated emission mechanism, which allows amplification and spectral modification of the signal. We present here a step forward in the exploitation of this optical sensor device by an improved revisitation of a previous experimental setup, both in the instrumentation and in the measurement method, to mitigate the instability of the results due to shot-to-shot pump energy fluctuations. The novelties introduced, the use of optical fibers, a reference sensor, and a peristaltic pump have shown to eliminate optical beam alignment issues and the problems linked to variation in pump energy. The implemented sensor allows easy and rapid change of the sensed medium. These results pave the way for a portable device to directly measure the scattering of liquid samples, without resorting to complicated numerical or analytic inversion procedures of the measured data, provided that a suitable calibration of the system is performed.

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Review of Open Cavity Random Lasers as Laser-Based Sensors

Cited by 28 publications

References 142 publications

Properties and Applications of Random Lasers as Emerging Light Sources and Optical Sensors: A Review

Properties and Applications of Random Lasers as Emerging Light Sources and Optical Sensors: A Review

Recent Developments of Electrically Pumped Nanolasers

Random laser-based noninvasive sensor for direct measurements of scattering samples

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