1994
DOI: 10.1002/jat.2550140502
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Review of oximes available for treatment of nerve agent poisoning

Abstract: A review was conducted of papers describing the use of N-methyl-2-pyridinealdoxime (PAM), toxogonin or HI-6 as antidotes to the nerve agents tabun, sarin, soman and VX. The review included use of the oxime alone, oxime plus atropine and oxime plus atropine plus diazepam, given therapeutically, i.e. after nerve agent, in all cases. Experiments with any of these compounds given prophylactically were not considered. The review also included protocols of pyridostigmine prophylaxis and oxime-atropine therapy (with … Show more

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Cited by 301 publications
(176 citation statements)
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“…4). The reaction of soman and other related organophosphate esters with the catalytic serine of cholinesterases can be reversed initially by nucleophilic agents such as oximes (reviewed in (33)). However, with time, serine phosphonylation becomes irreversible through dealkylation of an alkoxy chain on the phosphorus atom, a process called "aging" (34).…”
Section: Solutionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4). The reaction of soman and other related organophosphate esters with the catalytic serine of cholinesterases can be reversed initially by nucleophilic agents such as oximes (reviewed in (33)). However, with time, serine phosphonylation becomes irreversible through dealkylation of an alkoxy chain on the phosphorus atom, a process called "aging" (34).…”
Section: Solutionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1][2][3]. AChE has the key role in cholinergic neurotransmission and exposure to even small amounts of an organophosphorus (OP) compound (nerve warfare agents and some pesticides) can be fatal due to its inhibition by phosphylation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HI-6 and TMB-4 are reactivators with well-known antidotal efficacy [1][2][3]. K027 and K033 are being evaluated as reactivators of phosphonylated AChE [9,10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pyridinium oximes have been investigated for many years as compounds with a great potential in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds, including insecticides and nerve agents (1). One of the most important actions of oximes is that they reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) inhibited by organophosphorus agents.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%