Review of Particle Properties

Hagiwara, K.; Hikasa, K.; Nakamura, K.; Tanabashi, Masaharu; Aguilar-Benı́tez, M.; Amsler, C.; Barnett, R. M.; Burchat, P. R.; Carone, Christopher D.; Caso, C.; Conforto, G.; Dahl, O. I.; Doser, M.; Eidelman, S.; Feng, Jonathan L.; Gibbons, L. K.; Goodman, M. C.; Grab, C.; Groom, D. E.; Gurtu, A.; Hayes, K.; Hernández-Rey, J. J.; Honscheid, K.; Kolda, Christopher; Mangano, M.; Manley, D. M.; Manohar, Aneesh V.; March-Russell, John; Masoni, A.; Miquel, R.; Mönig, K.; Murayama, Hitoshi; Navas, S. Sánchez; Olive, Keith A.; Pape, L.; Patrignani, C.; Piepke, A.; Roos, M.; Terning, John; Törnqvist, Nils A.; Trippe, T. G.; Vogel, P.; Wohl, C.G.; Workman, R.L.; Yao, W-M.; Armstrong, B.; Gee, P. S.; Lugovsky, K. S.; Lugovsky, S. B.; Lugovsky, V. S.; Artuso, M.; Asner, D. M.; Babu, K. S.; Barberio, E.; Battaglia, M.; Bichsel, H.; Biebel, O.; Bloch, P.; Cahn, R. N.; Cattai, A.; Chivukula, R. Sekhar; Cousins, R.; Cowan, G. A.; Damour, Thibault; Desler, K.; Donahue, R.J.; Edwards, D. A.; Elvira, V. D.; Erler, Jens; Ежела, В. В.; Fassó, A.; Fetscher, W.; Fields, Brian D.; Foster, B.; Froidevaux, D.; Fukugita, M.; Gaisser, T. K.; Garren, L.; Gerber, H.J.; Gilman, Frederick J.; Haber, Howard E.; Hagmann, C.; Hewett, JoAnne L.; Hinchliffe, I.; Hogan, C. J.; Höhler, G.; Igo‐Kemenes, P.; Jackson, John D.; Johnson, K. F.; Karlen, D.; Kayser, Boris; Klein, S. R.; Kleinknecht, K.; Knowles, I.G.; Kreitz, P.; Kuyanov, Yu.V.; Landua, R.; Langacker, Paul; Littenberg, L.; Martin, A. D.; Nakada, T.; Narain, M.; Nason, Paolo; Peacock, J. A.; Quinn, Helen R.; Raby, Stuart; Raffelt, Georg G.; Razuvaev, E.A.; Renk, B.; Rolandi, G.; Ronan, M. T.; Rosenberg, L.; Sachrajda, Christopher; Sanda, A. I.; Sarkar, S.; Schmitt, Michael Henry; Schneider, O.; Scott, D.; Seligman, W.; Shaevitz, M. H.; Sjöstrand, Torbjörn; Smoot, George F.; Spanier, S.; Spieler, H.; Spooner, N. J. C.; Srednicki, Mark; Stahl, A.; Stanev, T.; Suzuki, Mahiko; Ткаченко, Н. П.; Valencia, G.; Bibber, K. van; Vincter, M. G.; Ward, D. R.; Webber, B.R.; Whalley, M. R.; Wolfenstein, Lincoln; Womersley, J.; Woody, C.; Zenin, O.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.66.010001

Cited by 3,813 publications

(1,072 citation statements)

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“…The UrQMD transport approach [12,13] includes all baryonic resonances up to masses of 2 GeV as well as mesonic resonances up to 1.9 GeV as tabulated by the Particle Data Group [17]. For hadronic continuum excitations a string model is used with hadron formation times in the order of 1-2 fm/c depending on the momentum and energy of the created hadron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of QGP Signatures — Ideas Versus Observables

Bratkovskaya

Bleicher

Dumitru

et al. 2004

Structure and Dynamics of Elementary Matter

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We investigate hadron production and transverse hadron spectra in nucleus-nucleus collisions from 2 A·GeV to 21.3 A·TeV within two independent transport approaches (UrQMD and HSD) based on quark, diquark, string and hadronic degrees of freedom. The enhancement of pion production in central Au+Au (Pb+Pb) collisions relative to scaled pp collisions (the 'kink') is described well by both approaches without involving a phase transition. However, the maximum in the K + /π + ratio at 20 to 30 A·GeV (the 'horn') is missed by ∼ 40%. Also, at energies above ∼ 5 A·GeV, the measured K ± mT -spectra have a larger inverse slope than expected from the models. Thus the pressure generated by hadronic interactions in the transport models at high energies is too low. This finding suggests that the additional pressure -as expected from lattice QCD at finite quark chemical potential and temperature -might be generated by strong interactions in the early pre-hadronic/partonic phase of central heavy-ion collisions. Finally, we discuss the emergence of density perturbations in a first-order phase transition and why they might affect relative hadron multiplicities, collective flow, and hadron mean-free paths at decoupling. A minimum in the collective flow v2 excitation function was discovered experimentally at 40 A·GeV -such a behavior has been predicted long ago as signature for a first order phase transition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of QGP Signatures — Ideas Versus Observables

Bratkovskaya

Bleicher

Dumitru

et al. 2004

Structure and Dynamics of Elementary Matter

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“…They take into account the formation and multiple rescattering of hadrons and thus dynamically describe the generation of pressure in the hadronic expansion phase. The UrQMD transport approach [10,11] includes all baryonic resonances up to masses of 2 GeV as well as mesonic resonances up to 1.9 GeV as tabulated by the Particle Data Group [14]. For hadronic continuum excitations a string model is used with hadron formation times in the order of 1-2 fm/c depending on the momentum and energy of the created hadron.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Nonhadronic Degrees of Freedom in the Transverse Mass Spectra of Kaons from Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions?

Bratkovskaya

Soff²,

Stöcker³

et al. 2004

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We investigate transverse hadron spectra from relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions which reflect important aspects of the dynamics -such as the generation of pressure -in the hot and dense zone formed in the early phase of the reaction. Our analysis is performed within two independent transport approaches (HSD and UrQMD) that are based on quark, diquark, string and hadronic degrees of freedom. Both transport models show their reliability for elementary pp as well as light-ion (C+C, Si+Si) reactions. However, for central Au+Au (Pb+Pb) collisions at bombarding energies above ∼ 5 A·GeV the measured K ± transverse mass spectra have a larger inverse slope parameter than expected from the calculation. Thus the pressure generated by hadronic interactions in the transport models above ∼ 5 A·GeV is lower than observed in the experimental data. This finding shows that the additional pressure -as expected from lattice QCD calculations at finite quark chemical potential and temperature -is generated by strong partonic interactions in the early phase of central Au+Au (Pb+Pb) collisions. The phase transition from partonic degrees of freedom (quarks and gluons) to interacting hadrons is a central topic of modern high-energy physics. In order to understand the dynamics and relevant scales of this transition laboratory experiments under controlled conditions are presently performed with ultra-relativistic nucleusnucleus collisions. Hadronic spectra and relative hadron abundancies from these experiments reflect important aspects of the dynamics in the hot and dense zone formed in the early phase of the reaction. Furthermore, as has been proposed early by Rafelski and Müller [1] the strangeness degree of freedom might play an important role in distinguishing hadronic and partonic dynamics.

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“…The matrix element for this cross section can be written in terms of the neutron half-life, we have used the latest published value t 1/2 = 613.9 ± 0.55 [17]. The functions ǫ(E e ) and R(E e , E r e ) are the detection efficiency and the energy resolution function.…”

Section: The Kamland Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If no events are observed, and, in particular, no background is observed, the unified intervals [17,23] . Taking the expected number of events in the first 145 days of data taking and in this energy range (6-8 MeV) we obtain: p < 0.12% (90% CL) and p < 0.15% (95% CL).…”

Section: Analysis Of the Global Rate And Highest Energy Binsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present upper limit on the absolute flux of solar antineutrinos originated from 8 B neutrinos is [5,16,17] Φ ν ( 8 B) < 1.8 × 10 5 cm −2 s −1 which is equivalent to an averaged conversion probability bound of P < 3.5% (SSM-BP98 model). There are also bounds on their differential energy spectrum [16]: the conversion probability is smaller than 8% for all E e,vis > 6.5 MeV going down the 5% level above E e,vis ≃ 10 MeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KamLAND bounds on solar antineutrinos and neutrino transition magnetic moments

Torrente-Luján

2003

J. High Energy Phys.

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We investigate the possibility of detecting solar electron antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment. These electron antineutrinos are predicted by spin-flavor oscillations at a significant rate even if this mechanism is not the leading solution to the SNP.KamLAND is sensitive to antineutrinos originated from solar 8 B neutrinos. From KamLAND negative results after 145 days of data taking, we obtain model independent limits on the total flux of solar electron antineutrinos Φ( 8 B) < 1.1 − 3.5 × 10 4 cm −2 s −1 , more than one order of magnitude smaller than existing limits, and on their appearance probability P < 0.15% (95% CL).Assuming a concrete model for antineutrino production by spin-flavor precession, this upper bound implies an upper limit on the product of the intrinsic neutrino magnetic moment and the value of the solar magnetic field µB < 2.3 × 10 −21 MeV 95% CL (for LMA (∆m 2 , tan 2 θ) values).Limits on neutrino transition moments are also obtained. For realistic values of other astrophysical solar parameters these upper limits would imply that the neutrino magnetic moment is constrained to be, in the most conservative case, µ≤3.9 × 10 −12 µ B (95% CL) for a relatively small field B = 50 kG. For higher values of the magnetic field we obtain: µ≤9.0 × 10 −13 µ B for field B = 200 kG and µ≤2.0 × 10 −13 µ B for field B = 1000 kG at the same statistical significance.

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Review of Particle Properties

Cited by 3,813 publications

References 0 publications

Review of QGP Signatures — Ideas Versus Observables

Review of QGP Signatures — Ideas Versus Observables

Evidence for Nonhadronic Degrees of Freedom in the Transverse Mass Spectra of Kaons from Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions?

KamLAND bounds on solar antineutrinos and neutrino transition magnetic moments

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