Review of Recent Developments of Glass Transition in PVC Nanocomposites

Abstract

This review addresses the impact of different nanoadditives on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is a widely used industrial polymer. The relatively high Tg limits its temperature–dependent applications. The objective of the review is to present the state–of–the–art knowledge on the influence of nanofillers of various origins and dimensions on the Tg of the PVC. The Tg variations induced by added nanofillers can be probed mostly by such experimental techniques as thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dielectric thermal analysis (DETA). The increase in Tg is commonly associated with the use of mineral and carbonaceous nanofillers. In this case, a rise in the concentration of nanoadditives leads to an increase in the Tg due to a restraint of the PVC macromolecular chain’s mobility. The lowering of Tg may be attributed to the well–known plasticizing effect, which is a consequence of the incorporation of oligomeric silsesquioxanes to the polymeric matrix. It has been well established that the variation in the Tg value depends also on the chemical modification of nanofillers and their incorporation into the PVC matrix. This review may be an inspiration for further investigation of nanofillers’ effect on the PVC glass transition temperature.

Preliminary Study of Material Properties on Pu-Mg-Zn for Aneurysm Clip Application

“…The foam used for testing has a minimum weight of 3 mg. 7 shows that the more Mg or Zn is added, the higher the glass transition temperature (Tg). The increases in the concentration of the additives reduce the molecular mobility of the matrix, which results in the shift of the foams Tg to a higher temperature [24]. The DSC result also supports the SEM test results shown in Fig.…”

X‐Ray Shielding Performance and Characterization of Electrospun PVC/Bismuth(III) Oxide Nanocomposites

“…Results showed that Bi 2 O 3 powder ChemistrySelect had inert character and there were no change between these temperature ranges. [49] TGA curves of PVC-0 and PVC-3 were nearly similar each other and had three stages of degradation; first stages at 237 °C and 243 °C, respectively. [50,51] It is reported that mass loss of neat PVC nanofibers are less than PVC granules and this means that nanofiber manufacturing limits mass loss caused by thermal applications.…”

“…The total enthalpy variation of PVC‐0 was detected as 27.32 J/g which was higher than that of PVC‐10 nanofibers (21.21 J/g) TGA analysis was performed with temperature raise of 10 °C between 30 °C and 800 °C. Results showed that Bi 2 O 3 powder had inert character and there were no change between these temperature ranges [49] . TGA curves of PVC‐0 and PVC‐3 were nearly similar each other and had three stages of degradation; first stages at 237 °C and 243 °C, respectively [50,51] .…”

Styrene‐butadiene‐styrene‐based shape memory polymers: Evolution and the current state of art

“…[114][115][116] Moreover, adding foreign particles (such as plasticizers, surfactants, or nanoparticles) also helps in tuning the glass transition temperature essential for developing versatile shape memory polymers. [117][118][119] Wang et al showed a blend of SBS tri-block copolymer and an amorphous polymer poly(dl-lactic acid) (dl-PLA) that recovered to its permanent shape when heated to 80 C. 111 Figure 15 shows the variation of the shape memory properties when varied the PLA content. When the PLA content has increased, the recovery (%) drops from 93.7% to 88.5%, while the fixity(%) enhances from 38.9% to 94.3%.…”