Review of Recent DNA-Based Methods for Main Food-Authentication Topics

Abstract

Adulteration and mislabeling of food products and the commercial fraud derived, either intentionally or not, is a global source of economic fraud to consumers but also to all stakeholders involved in food production and distribution. Legislation has been enforced all over the world aimed at guaranteeing the authenticity of the food products all along the distribution chain, thereby avoiding food fraud and adulteration. Accordingly, there is a growing need for new analytical methods able to verify that all the ingredients included in a foodstuff match the qualities claimed by the manufacturer or distributor. In this sense, the improved performance of most recent DNA-based tools in term of sensitivity, multiplexing ability, high-throughput, and relatively low-cost give them a game-changing role in food-authenticity-related topics. Here, we provide a thorough and updated vision on the recently reported approaches that are applying these DNA-based tools to assess the authenticity of food components and products.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) identification in processed fish products using loop‐mediated isothermal amplification and polymerase chain reaction assays

“…37 Cytb, COI, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA are the most targeted mitochondrial genes. 16 In particular, previous studies have confirmed the feasibility of cytb gene fragments for salmon and trout species identification. 38,39 Therefore, in the present study, after analyzing a large number of the mitochondrial DNA sequences, short fragments of the cytb gene were selected as the molecular marker for LAMP and PCR assays ( Fig.…”

“…Fish species authentication can be achieved using several analytical methodologies, with DNA-based techniques as the most widely used ones. 16 Since the development of PCR, a wide variety of diagnostic methods have been established, such as DNA barcoding, real-time PCR, multiplex PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR. 8,12,[17][18][19][20][21] In addition to PCR, isothermal amplification methods have also received increasing attention, with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), first introduced by Notomi et al, 22 as the most common one.…”

Development of a rapid method for codfish identification in processed fish products based on SYBR Green real‐time PCR

“…Reliable detection method depends on the use of an appropriate target gene. As it has been widely discussed (Teletchea et al , ; Rasmussen & Morrissey, ; Böhme et al , ), both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are suitable for fish species identification. Although the limitation in the applicability of quantitative approaches has been highlighted (Mohamad et al , ; Amaral et al , ), mtDNA is still preferentially chosen as the target in many studies for qualitative analysis (Prado et al , ; Taboada et al , ; Xiong et al , ), due to the advantages of high mutation rate, multi‐copy nature and maternal inheritance.…”

“…A wide variety of analytical methodologies have proved the usefulness for fish species authentication in processed fish products, with DNA‐based technique as the most widely used one (Böhme et al , ). In particular, several DNA amplification methods have been developed over the last years, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) (Saull et al , ) and denaturation bubble‐mediated strand exchange amplification method (SEA) (Liu et al , ).…”

Molecular diagnostic test systems for meat identification: A comparison study of the MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array and innuDETECT Assay detection methods

“…The identification of meat species by DNA is often preferred over their identification by proteins (Vallejo-Cordoba et al 2005;Montowska and Pospiech 2010;Alikord et al 2018). Böhme et al (2019) state that DNA-related techniques to detect food adulteration include polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing (NGS), DNA metabarcoding, DNA-barcoding high-resolution melting (Bar-HRM), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). The use of a DNA microarray is an alternative genetic approach to simultaneous detection of various plant and animal species as well as bacteria present in a sample of interest.…”