Review of recent progress on the compressive behavior of masonry prisms

Nalon, Gustavo Henrique; Ribeiro, José Carlos Lopes; Pedroti, Leonardo Gonçalves; Silva, Roberto Márcio da; Araújo, Eduardo Nery Duarte de; Santos, Rodrigo Felipe; Lima, Gustavo Emílio Soares de

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126181

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Furthermore, Nalon et al [5] point out that the empirical equations and tabulated values in current standards have significant limitations, making it necessary a careful review. In their study, they suggest that the prism test method would be more appropriate to estimate masonry compressive strength than the formulations and tables proposed in the standards.…”

Section: Comparison Of Proposed Models With Code and Literature Speci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, the monitoring of these parameters is carried out through tests specified in ABNT NBR 16868-3 [4], which indicates that the characteristic compressive strength obtained through tests must be equal to or greater than that specified by the designer. Prisms and the quality control performance tests are essential to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of constructions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimate models of compression strength of prisms from structural masonry components

Leite,

Liberati,

Parsekian

2024

Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater.

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This work proposes models to estimate the resistance of hollow and grouted concrete blocks prisms based on the compressive strength of their components. A database composed of 27,426 tests results on hollow and grouted prisms, mortar, grout and concrete blocks was assessed, grouped into 875 samples. Different statistical analysis models were proposed, and the best model was selected for each predetermined block resistance range. The blocks strength r ranges are Range 1 (up to 8 MPa), Range 2 (from 8 to 18 MPa) and Range 3 (above of 18 MPa). An adjustment factor of 95% confidence was calculated for each model. When comparing the results of the models with the results estimated by the design codes, it was observed that, in general, the estimates of the models of hollow and grouted prisms were similar to those of prism resistance of ABNT NBR 16868-1 (2020), except for the Range 3 resistance, in which the code is more conservative, and the proposed model with the intrinsic adjustment factor estimated values lower than those proposed by the norm. Regarding the international standards, AS-3700 (2017), TMS 602 (2021) and CSA S304 (2014) presented more conservative estimates, while Eurocode 6 (2020) adapted better to the results of the proposed models. Models considered as safe are proposed, based on the hundreds of analyzed samples, allowing estimating the hollow and grouted prism strength from their components strengths for concrete blocks structural masonry.

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Section: Comparison Of Proposed Models With Code and Literature Speci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimate models of compression strength of prisms from structural masonry components

Leite,

Liberati,

Parsekian

2024

Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater.

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“…Very often, when assessing the possibility of increasing the live loads in a building, its expansion or even periodic inspection of its technical condition, the mechanical parameters of the structure should be determined. The most appropriate way is to measure them directly during destructive tests (DT) [ 1 ]. Due to the characteristic feature of historical masonry—which is a large heterogeneity of the structure—the number of specimens to be tested and their size must be large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Mortar Compressive Strength Based on Modern Minor-Destructive Tests

Łątka

2023

Materials

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The crucial task of the diagnosis of an existing masonry structure is to assess the current values of the mechanical parameters of the materials from which the structure was erected—usually bricks and mortar. The article presents the results of minor-destructive tests carried out on bed joints of three-brick-masonry prisms prepared in the laboratory. Three types of mortars used in the masonry were tested, which differ by the type and amount of binder. In order to determine mortar compression strength, three modern diagnostic methods were used: double punch test (DPT), standard penetrometric test (PT) and torque penetrometric test (TPT). Tests were carried out after 4, 12 and 90 weeks. The mortar strength determined in each of these tests was compared with the mortar reference strength determined on the beam specimen according to the methodology given in EN 1015-11. The results of the conducted tests confirmed the high usefulness of all three diagnostic methods. However, limitations in the application of the PT test were noticed—only lime mortars and weak cement–lime mortars can be tested with this method. In the case of mortars with an increased amount of cement binder, the impact energy is too low to estimate the compressive strength of the mortar in the brick wall joint. Technical limitations in the use of TPT and DPT tests were also indicated—weak lime mortars with low cohesion do not allow for obtaining reliable results. It was shown that DPT results strongly depend on two factors, specimen slenderness and mortar strength. Due to this fact, simple non-parameter conversion from mortar compressive strength according to the DPT test into mortar reference strength may lead to significant overestimation. As the results show, in newly built masonry, proper selection of diagnostic method is crucial due to the strong dependence of mortar curing dynamics on its location in the joint. This paper helps to match diagnostic techniques with the condition and type of mortar in the existing structure.

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“…The potential applications of vibration-based SHM methods encompass the monitoring of slender structures, such as historic masonry towers [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] and buildings, such as palaces and churches [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], and bridges [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The practical applications of strain-based SHM methods to similar structural settings can be found in the literature [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Computer vision-based SHM approaches are also frequent in the literature, with interesting applications to masonry structures and more [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Monitoring and Crack Detection in Masonry Walls under In-Plane Shear Loading Using Smart Bricks: First Results from Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations

Meoni

D’Alessandro

Saviano

et al. 2023

Sensors

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A diffuse and continuous monitoring of the in-service structural response of buildings can allow for the early identification of the formation of cracks and collapse mechanisms before the occurrence of severe consequences. In the case of existing masonry constructions, the implementation of tailored Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems appears quite significant, given their well-known susceptibility to brittle failures. Recently, a new sensing technology based on smart bricks, i.e., piezoresistive brick-like sensors, was proposed in the literature for the SHM of masonry constructions. Smart bricks can be integrated within masonry to monitor strain and detect cracks. At present, the effectiveness of smart bricks has been proven in different structural settings. This paper contributes to the research by investigating the strain-sensitivity of smart bricks of standard dimensions when inserted in masonry walls subjected to in-plane shear loading. Real-scale masonry walls instrumented with smart bricks and displacement sensors were tested under diagonal compression, and numerical simulations were conducted to interpret the experimental results. At peak condition, numerical models provided comparable strain values to those of smart bricks, i.e., approximately equal to 10−4, with similar trends. Overall, the effectiveness of smart bricks in strain monitoring and crack detection is demonstrated.

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Review of recent progress on the compressive behavior of masonry prisms

Cited by 26 publications

References 125 publications

Estimate models of compression strength of prisms from structural masonry components

Estimate models of compression strength of prisms from structural masonry components

Prediction of Mortar Compressive Strength Based on Modern Minor-Destructive Tests

Strain Monitoring and Crack Detection in Masonry Walls under In-Plane Shear Loading Using Smart Bricks: First Results from Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations

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