Review of <scp>CVD</scp> Synthesis of Graphene

Muñoz, Raül; Gómez‐Aleixandre, C.

doi:10.1002/cvde.201300051

Cited by 547 publications

(345 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(232 reference statements)

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“…% Ni) foils occurs mostly during the hydrocarbon exposure at a constant temperature, rather than due to carbon precipitation/ segregation during cooling. 5,42 Despite the assumption, carbon has very low solubility in Cu (<0.001 at. % at 1000 C), 43 and for carbon to precipitate during cooling an equilibrium saturation of carbon atoms in Cu substrate is required, 26 which may not be possible since the CVD growth of graphene (i.e., Cu substrate exposure to carbon source) occurs over few minutes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition

Bello

Dangbegnon

Oliphant

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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A bilayer graphene film obtained on copper (Cu) foil is known to have a significant fraction of non-Bernal (AB) stacking and on copper/nickel (Cu/Ni) thin films is known to grow over a large-area with AB stacking. In this study, annealed Cu foils for graphene growth were doped with small concentrations of Ni to obtain dilute Cu(Ni) alloys in which the hydrocarbon decomposition rate of Cu will be enhanced by Ni during synthesis of large-area AB-stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition. The Ni doped concentration and the Ni homogeneous distribution in Cu foil were confirmed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and proton-induced X-ray emission. An electron backscatter diffraction map showed that Cu foils have a single (001) surface orientation which leads to a uniform growth rate on Cu surface in early stages of graphene growth and also leads to a uniform Ni surface concentration distribution through segregation kinetics. The increase in Ni surface concentration in foils was investigated with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The quality of graphene, the number of graphene layers, and the layers stacking order in synthesized bilayer graphene films were confirmed by Raman and electron diffraction measurements. A four point probe station was used to measure the sheet resistance of graphene films. As compared to Cu foil, the prepared dilute Cu(Ni) alloy demonstrated the good capability of growing large-area AB-stacked bilayer graphene film by increasing Ni content in Cu surface layer. V C 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition

Bello

Dangbegnon

Oliphant

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…[13] The most popular method involves a wet transfer technique by which a polymer, typically poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), is coated onto the graphene surface as a supporting layer throughout etchant removal of the deposition catalyst and subsequent transfer to the device substrate. [14] Dissolution of the PMMA layer then yields, ideally, a pristine graphene surface, but a methodology that facilitates complete PMMA removal without graphene degradation has yet to be realised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorptive graphene doping: Effect of a polymer contaminant

Arter

D’Arsié

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Transfer-induced contamination of graphene and the limited stability of adsorptive dopants are two of the main issues faced in the practical realization of graphene-based electronics. Herein, we assess the stability of HNO3, MoO3, and AuCl3 dopants upon transferred graphene with different extents of polymer contamination. Sheet resistivity measurements prove that polymer residues induce a significantly degenerative effect in terms of doping stability for HNO3 and MoO3 and a highly stabilizing effect for AuCl3. Further characterization by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides insight into the stability mechanism. Together, these findings demonstrate the relevance of contamination in the field of adsorptive doping for the realization of graphene-based functional devices.

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“…Recently, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method has been proven to be the most powerful approach to grow large-scale high-quality monolayer graphene [8], and the sheets are usually grown on a Cu substrate. Because of the low catalytic reactivity for dehydrogenation on top of graphene and the negligible carbon solubility in Cu, a graphene sheet with monolayer thickness grows larger and larger on the surface of a Cu substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scheme for the Growth of Graphene Sheets Embedded with Nanocones

Liu

Song

et al. 2017

Crystals

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Based on the monolayer growth mode of graphene sheets (2D crystal) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Cu surface, it should be possible to grow the 2D crystal embedded with single wall carbon nanocones (SWCNC) if nano-conical pits are pre-fabricated on the surface. However, a previous experiment showed that the growing graphene sheet can cross grain boundaries without bending, which seems to invalidate this route for growing SWCNCs. The criterion of Gibbs free energy was applied in the present work to address this issue, showing that the sheet can grow into the valley of a boundary if the boundary has a slope instead of a quarter-turn shape, and SWCNCs can be obtained by this route as long as the lower diameter of the pre-fabricated pit is larger than 1.6 nm and the deposition temperature is higher than 750 K.

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Review of CVD Synthesis of Graphene

Cited by 547 publications

References 149 publications

A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition

A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition

Adsorptive graphene doping: Effect of a polymer contaminant

A Scheme for the Growth of Graphene Sheets Embedded with Nanocones

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