Review of Some of the Major Engineering Developments in the High-Pressure Polyethylene Process 1933–1983

Crossland, B.; Bett, K. E.; Ford, Hugh; Gardner, A K

doi:10.1243/pime_proc_1986_200_034_02

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…By the 1970's plastics became the most widely used materials in the world 103 . Polymer materials have played key roles in economic expansion, and the production of low-priced goods in the emerging world market, particularly in the 1990s, and continue to be a growth industry [104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115] . Adapted with permission from REF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of the plastisphere

2020

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The plastisphere, which comprises the microbial community on plastic debris, rivals that of the built environment in spanning multiple biomes on Earth. Although human-derived debris has been entering the ocean for thousands of years, microplastics now numerically dominate marine debris and are primarily colonized by microbial and other microscopic life. The realization that this novel substrate in the marine environment can facilitate microbial dispersal and affect all aquatic ecosystems has intensified interest in the microbial ecology and evolution of this biotope. Whether a 'core' plastisphere community exists that is specific to plastic is currently a topic of intense investigation. This Review provides an overview of the microbial ecology of the plastisphere in the context of its diversity and function, as well as suggesting areas of further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of the plastisphere

2020

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“…Reliability and safety also depends on the quality of the used materials. In order to increase the quality of the materials especially for elimination of defects, very large forgings are needed to develop the casting of the original ingot and its subsequent forging [4]. Also, other parameters such as quality of the finished surfaces play a critical role in enhancing the fatigue behavior of packing cups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: A failure analysis study on the packing cups of a hyper compressor

Molaei

Alizadeh

Attarian

et al. 2015

Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis

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Please cite this article as: Sh. MolaeiR. AlizadehM. AttarianY. JaferianP. Shojaei A failure analysis study on the packing cups of a hyper compressor (2015), http://dx.A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t Highlights Failure analysis on two fractured packing cups showed that the main reason of the fracture was fatigue.Use of an alloys steel with insufficient strength than that needed for the desired working condition resulted in fatigue crack propagation. AbstractTwo packing cups of the second stage cylinders of the polyethylene hyper compressors failed after service life of about three months. In this paper, microstructural investigations and fracture surface studies are presented for failure analysis of the damaged parts. Moreover, the stress analysis is performed by using fatigue striations to evaluate the principal stress components of the lube oil ducts.It is shown that although the design of packing cup elements is very important, the quality of the finished surfaces, wear resistance and mechanical properties of the selected material must be considered to increase the fatigue life of critical parts of the hyper compressor.

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“…In 1939, the first industrial synthesis of polyethylene was developed in England [30]. Yet, it was not until World War II that this polymer became industrially manufactured [31]. The availability of this thermoplastic -one of the three basic polymer families -was soon recognised as a promising material for tubing [32].…”

Section: Materials and Water-radiation Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and sunlight: regenerative hydronics

Gutierrez

2013

International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Ur

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Hydronic technologies are undergoing significant transformations in an attempt to revolutionise resource independence in buildings. On-site energy generation and waste regeneration are at the centre of this potential paradigm shift. This text initially discusses recent developments in hydronics systems regarding energy source, materiality, distribution and location in buildings, and plenum typology. Secondly, it evaluates emerging innovation in water-based radiation geared particularly toward zero net energy buildings. Lastly, the text presents current research in hydronic technology in which water heating and disinfection are fully integrated into a facade system through microoptics integration. This discussion contributes to the evaluation of incorporating microoptics into future building technologies in which water, waste, and energy are synergistically balanced. The integration of microoptics can fuel radical innovation leaps in this front enabling regenerative hydronics.

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Review of Some of the Major Engineering Developments in the High-Pressure Polyethylene Process 1933–1983

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Ecology of the plastisphere

Ecology of the plastisphere

WITHDRAWN: A failure analysis study on the packing cups of a hyper compressor

Water and sunlight: regenerative hydronics

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