Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation

Hanaor, Dorian; Sorrell, Charles C.

doi:10.1007/s10853-010-5113-0

Cited by 2,835 publications

(1,997 citation statements)

References 191 publications

(295 reference statements)

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“…The tetragonal rutile phase was formed during the annealing of TiO 2 samples in temperatures between 600 and 800 °C, however, the complete formation of rutile phase just was observed at sample using high temperature above 800°C. These observations corroborate with literature for titania powder, rutile transformation takes place at around 780 °C, material derived of sol-gel process 17 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

et al. 2016

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The nano/microstructures with highly porous surface area have attracted tremendous attention, particularly the synthesis and tailoring of porous and hollow materials of high performance. In this paper, an easy method of cost-effective synthesis of hollow ceramic fiber membranes based on Hydroxyapatite, TiO 2 and ZrO 2 stabilized with Yttrium, is proposed by a single chemical route (polymeric precursor method) and a bio-template route (easy to degrade in thermal conditions). This article reports also the ZrTiO 4 nanowires synthesis on a silicon (100) wafer in a single step deposition/ thermal treatment. Template-directed membrane synthesis strategy was associated to the polymeric precursor route and spin-coating deposition technique. In this method, ZrTiO 4 nanowire ceramic were synthesized by spin-coating thermal treatment technique using polycarbonate membrane as a template. According to the results, after heat-treatment by the template removal, the ZrTiO 4 nanowire consists of uniformly deposited crystalline and porous nanoparticles that exhibited a higher surface area and a higher porosity. The polycrystalline nanowires were obtained at by thermal treatment with diameter in the range of 60-100 nm. Photoluminescence spectra were collected for fiber at room temperature. These characterizations demonstrate the morphology of structures formed, showing its hollow and porous conformation, suitable applications to advanced reinforced or device component material.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

et al. 2016

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“…TiO 2 occurs in different crystalline phases which are rutile, anatase and brookite 21,22,23 . The current study follows on the work of Shimura et al 24 in which they showed the effect of the TiO 2 crystal phase on the activity of TiO 2 -supported cobalt catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering Behavior of TiO₂-Supported Model Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts under H₂ Reducing Conditions and Elevated Temperature

Xaba

Villiers

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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ABSTRACT:The sintering of model TiO2-supported cobalt catalysts has been studied. The TiO2 supports used were anatase, P25 (85% anatase-15% rutile) and rutile. The catalysts were characterized at each stage of treatment. These treatment stages were calcination, reduction and sintering. It was found that the TiO2 support does not influence the Co3O4 crystallite and particle size as shown by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. The reduction of the cobalt catalysts and bare supports was studied by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). It was found that the bare supports were not as inert as expected. The supports showed minor reduction as seen in the H2 consumption. All the cobalt catalysts showed a two-step reduction. Sintering of anatase-supported cobalt was shown to be the most substantial with P25-and rutile-supported showing a lower sintering tendency; P25-supported cobalt being the most stable based on TEM measurements. Sintering kinetics based on the Generalized Power law Expression (GPLE) model, showed that sintering of anatase-supported cobalt is the most rapid with a large sintering rate constant. Sintering of P25-supported cobalt is the lowest, shown by the lowest sintering rate constant. The study has conclusively shown the effect of the catalyst support phase. The study has also shown that the use of high surface area supports is not necessarily the only answer to preventing sintering. The phase of the catalyst support is also important.

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“…The PC activity can also be improved by mixing the two phases (80% anatase and 20% rutile) due to charge carrier separation attained as a result of confinement of photoexcited carriers in the different phases which leads to reduced recombination. The surface roughness has been reported to have a negligible effect on the PC activity of single crystalline rutile TiO 2 [17]. According to Hernandez-Alonso et al [18] an increase in the surface area of the photocatalyst is accompanied by an increase in the probability of formation of lattice defects.…”

Section: Tio 2 Antifouling and Photocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Titania‐based photocatalytic coatings on stainless steel hospital fixtures

Krumdieck

Lee³

et al. 2015

Phys. Status Solidi C

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A scaled-up pulsed-pressure MOCVD system was used to deposit TiO 2 coatings from tetra-isopropoxide precursor solution on stainless steel substrates and on 3-D objects. The objective of the work is the production of antimicrobial coatings for handles in health care facilities. Antimicrobial coatings are sought to manage the transmission of hospital acquired infections (HAI's), which are reported to cost around one million pounds per annum in the UK alone. Titania is a promising material for this application due to the photocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species that are crucial for the destruction of organic pathogens.TiO 2 coatings of 0.2 to 13 µm thickness were deposited at temperatures between 375 o C and 475 o C. The crystallite size and photocatalytic activity are influenced by deposition temperature. No dependence of stoichiometry on the deposition temperature has been observed. The films on stainless steel exhibit reasonably good photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic performance and the stoichiometry improve with the film thickness. A three dimensional object (door handle) was coated with good conformity. The reactor scale-up for coating production on door handles is proposed for future wear and hygiene performance testing.

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Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation

Cited by 2,835 publications

References 191 publications

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

Sintering Behavior of TiO₂-Supported Model Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts under H₂ Reducing Conditions and Elevated Temperature

Titania‐based photocatalytic coatings on stainless steel hospital fixtures

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Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation

Cited by 2,835 publications

References 191 publications

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

Nano and Micro Ceramic Membranes from Degradable Templates

Sintering Behavior of TiO2-Supported Model Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts under H2 Reducing Conditions and Elevated Temperature

Titania‐based photocatalytic coatings on stainless steel hospital fixtures

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Product

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Sintering Behavior of TiO₂-Supported Model Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts under H₂ Reducing Conditions and Elevated Temperature