Review of the Design of Titanium Alloys with Low Elastic Modulus as Implant Materials

Liang, S.X.

doi:10.1002/adem.202000555

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…This alloy has only the β phase in its microstructure, as titanium is an α-stabilizing element. The increase of titanium modifies the atomic interaction forces of the β phase, which becomes weak due to lower β phase stability, decreasing the modulus of elasticity [45,46]. For the Zr-25Ta-35Ti alloy, there is an increase in the modulus value because the alloys are biphasic or even three-phased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Titanium Addition on the Structure, Microstructure, and Selected Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Zr-25Ta-xTi Alloys

Kuroda

Pedroso

Grandini

2021

Metals

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Ti alloys are the most used metallic materials in the biomedical field due to their excellent biocompatibility associated with good corrosion resistance in body fluids and relatively low elastic modulus. However, the alloys used in the orthopedic area have an elastic modulus that is 2 to 4 times higher than that of human cortical bone. Searching for new alloys for biomedical applications and with low elastic modulus, zirconium gained prominence due to its attractive properties, especially its biocompatibility. The purpose of this paper is to present novel as-cast alloys of the Zr-25Ta-xTi system and analyze the influence of titanium on the structure, microstructure, microhardness, and elastic modulus of the alloys. The alloys were prepared using an arc-melting furnace. X-ray diffraction measurements and microscopy techniques were used to characterize the crystalline structure and microstructure. From structural and microstructural characterizations, it was observed that titanium acted as an α-stabilizing element since its increase in the precipitation of the orthorhombic α” phase, an intermediate phase from β to α phases, in the alloys. Regarding microhardness measurements, the alloys have higher hardness than pure zirconium due to solid solution hardening that detaches the Zr-25Ta alloy, which has a high hardness value of the precipitation of the ω phase. Among the studied alloys, the Zr-25Ta-25Ti alloy is highlighted, demonstrating the lowest result of modulus of elasticity, which is approximately 2 times higher than the human cortical bone, but many alloys used in the biomedical field, such as pure titanium, have elastic modulus values almost 3 times higher than that of human bone.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Titanium Addition on the Structure, Microstructure, and Selected Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Zr-25Ta-xTi Alloys

Kuroda

Pedroso

Grandini

2021

Metals

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“…Titanium and its alloys are favored as a biomaterial for dental implants partially due to similarities in its stiffness compared to bone. , The maxilla and mandible bones provide skeletal support during mastication and protect gingiva and surrounding tissues. Following dental implant surgery, active bone remodeling continues to occur up to 5 years postoperatively, when bone reaches full maturity to bear mechanical loading and enhance the biomechanical properties. , Biomechanical stability varies at different locations.…”

Section: Implant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Peri-implantitis: The Quest for a Next Generation of Titanium Dental Implants

Hasan

Bright

Hayles

et al. 2022

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Titanium and its alloys are frequently the biomaterial of choice for dental implant applications. Although titanium dental implants have been utilized for decades, there are yet unresolved issues pertaining to implant failure. Dental implant failure can arise either through wear and fatigue of the implant itself or peri-implant disease and subsequent host inflammation. In the present report, we provide a comprehensive review of titanium and its alloys in the context of dental implant material, and how surface properties influence the rate of bacterial colonization and peri-implant disease. Details are provided on the various periodontal pathogens implicated in peri-implantitis, their adhesive behavior, and how this relationship is governed by the implant surface properties. Issues of osteointegration and immunomodulation are also discussed in relation to titanium dental implants. Some impediments in the commercial translation for a novel titanium-based dental implant from “bench to bedside” are discussed. Numerous in vitro studies on novel materials, processing techniques, and methodologies performed on dental implants have been highlighted. The present report review that comprehensively compares the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of titanium and its alloys for dental implants.

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“…The maximum elastic modulus of human bone is 30 GPa, while the elastic modulus of Ti alloy is generally above 80 GPa. A high elastic modulus of a metallic implant will cause stress shielding and affect normal recovery [39]. The "stress shielding" effect is associated with the disproportional load distribution between a bone and an adjacent implant due to the elastic modulus mismatch.…”

Section: Elastic Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Ti Alloys for Orthopedic and Dental Applications: A Review of Progress on Improvement of Properties through Surface Modification

Shao

Dai

et al. 2021

Coatings

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Ti and Ti alloys have charming comprehensive properties (high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance, and excellent biocompatibility) that make them the ideal choice in orthopedic and dental applications, especially in the particular fabrication of orthopedic and dental implants. However, these alloys present some shortcomings, specifically elastic modulus, wear, corrosion, and biological performance. Beta-titanium (β-Ti) alloys have been studied as low elastic modulus and low toxic or non-toxic elements. The present work summarizes the improvements of the properties systematically (elastic modulus, hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, antibacterial property, and bone regeneration) for β-Ti alloys via surface modification to address these shortcomings. Additionally, the shortcomings and prospects of the present research are put forward. β-Ti alloys have potential regarding implants in biomedical fields.

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Review of the Design of Titanium Alloys with Low Elastic Modulus as Implant Materials

Abstract: B o M d [eV] 4d B o M d [eV] 5 d B o M d [eV] Other B o M d [eV]

Cited by 63 publications

References 190 publications

Effect of Titanium Addition on the Structure, Microstructure, and Selected Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Zr-25Ta-xTi Alloys

Effect of Titanium Addition on the Structure, Microstructure, and Selected Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Zr-25Ta-xTi Alloys

Preventing Peri-implantitis: The Quest for a Next Generation of Titanium Dental Implants

β-Ti Alloys for Orthopedic and Dental Applications: A Review of Progress on Improvement of Properties through Surface Modification

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