Review of the Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures

Umezawa, Osamu

doi:10.1520/mpc20200138

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As the test temperature decreased from 77 K to 4 K, all welds exhibited an increase in yield strength. This trend is consistent with previous studies on AISI 316L steel (base metal) [9]. In addition, serrated yielding and serrated flow stresses were observed in tests conducted at 4 K, which is consistent with previous studies on AISI 316L [10] and is a result of changes in dislocation character, sometimes referred to as low temperature plastic instabilities [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Tensile tests at 77 K and 4 K on 316L stainless steel welded plates

Weeks¹

2022

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Based on the collaborative framework established between ASME, NASA, and NIST, quasi-static tensile tests were performed in liquid nitrogen (77 K) and liquid helium (4 K) on tensile specimens extracted from the centers of four welded 316L stainless steel plates, each produced by a different vendor. Relatively large differences in strength, elongation, and reduction in area were observed between the welds with the strongest two welds (W4 and W2) exhibiting a nearly 20 % difference in 4 K ultimate tensile strength when compared to the welds with the lowest 4 K tensile strength (W1 and W3). As the testing temperature decreases from 77 K to 4 K, all welds exhibit an increase in yield strength, plus an attenuation in total elongation and reduction in area. Serrated yielding was observed at every test conducted at 4 K. The tensile properties reported in this work will be used during analysis of future fracture toughness (single edge notch bending) testing conducted at 77 K and 4 K on the same four sets of welded plates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Tensile tests at 77 K and 4 K on 316L stainless steel welded plates

Weeks¹

2022

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“…The mechanical properties of face-centered-cubic (fcc) metals such as austenitic stainless steels, aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) titanium alloys have been studied extensively, as they are most frequently used at cryogenic temperatures. 152 HEAs have drawn additional interest for cryogenic applications 153 and the singlephase equimolar fcc alloy CoCrFeMnNi has been the most widely studied. CoCrFeMnNi exhibits an excellent strengthductility combination, 154 different from the ductile-brittle transition of the traditional alloys.…”

Section: Mechanical Testing At Extreme Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Materials properties characterization in the most extreme environments

et al. 2022

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There is an ever-increasing need for material systems to operate in the most extreme environments encountered in space exploration, energy production, and propulsion systems. To effectively design materials to reliably operate in extreme environments, we need an array of tools to both sustain lab-scale extreme conditions and then probe the materials properties across a variety of length and time scales. Within this article, we examine the state-of-the-art experimental systems for testing materials under extreme environments and highlight the limitations of these approaches. We focus on three areas: (1) extreme temperatures, (2) extreme mechanical testing, and (3) chemically hostile environments. Within these areas, we identify six opportunities for instrument and technique development that are poised to dramatically impact the further understanding and development of next-generation materials for extreme environments. Graphical abstract

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“…Due to their remarkable capacity to maintain or even enhance both strength and ductility upon cooling to cryogenic temperatures [10][11][12], the single-phase face-centered-cubic (FCC) MPEAs have shown a great potential for application in extreme environments. This is particularly critical as most alloys are known to experience a reduction in toughness at decreased temperatures, a phenomenon that becomes more pronounced within the cryogenic temperature domain [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Properties of a Non-Equiatomic Ni–Co–V Medium Entropy Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature

Zhou,

Shi,

Wang

et al. 2024

Metals

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The development of strong and ductile alloys for application in cryogenic temperatures has long been sought after. In this work, we have developed a face-centered cubic Ni10Co56.5V33.5 multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) that exhibits a balanced combination of high strength and good ductility at 77 K, based on the considerations of large local lattice distortion (LLD) and low stacking fault energy. The small-grained Ni10Co56.5V33.5 MPEA exhibits a yield strength of 1400 MPa and an ultimate tensile strength of 1890 MPa, while preserving a good ductility of 23%. Moreover, precession electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed multiple deformation mechanisms, including wavy dislocations, atypically severely twisted dislocation bands, hierarchical stacking faults, and deformation twins, which are implicated in the alloy’s outstanding mechanical performance. These insights offer a strategic guide for the design of strong and ductile alloys, particularly for utilization in extreme environments.

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Review of the Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Tensile tests at 77 K and 4 K on 316L stainless steel welded plates

Tensile tests at 77 K and 4 K on 316L stainless steel welded plates

Materials properties characterization in the most extreme environments

Tensile Properties of a Non-Equiatomic Ni–Co–V Medium Entropy Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature

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