Review of the Methods to Optimize Power Flow in Electric Vehicle Powertrains for Efficiency and Driving Performance

Mazali, Izhari Izmi; Daud, Zul Hilmi Che; Hamid, Mohd. Kamaruddin Abd.; Tan, Victor; Samin, Pakharuddin Mohd; Jubair, Abdullah; Ibrahim, Khairul Amilin; Kob, Mohd Salman Che; Xinrui, Wang; Talib, Mat Hussin Ab

doi:10.3390/app12031735

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…For this reason, gearbox or multi-motor designs are utilized to boost the powertrain's flexibility addressing BEV's major issues like range anxiety. Even though a multi-speed or continuous variable transmission (CVT) gearbox for BEVs improves the powertrain's efficiency in various use-case scenarios [4], a multi-motor arrangement can be a more practical way to increase the adaptability of a fully electric powertrain [5]. Most of the technologies implemented in EVs are mature enough to meet performance and efficiency targets.…”

Section: Ev's Powertrain Systems Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric vehicles’ powertrain systems architectures design complexity

Banagar¹,

Andwari²,

Mehranfar³

et al. 2023

futech

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Strict emission regulations and energy scarcity have ushered in a new era of automotive technology. Utilizing electric power as a second source of energy or an alternative to fossil fuel energy has been the center of attention for decades. Implementing electric energy in vehicles’ powertrain systems requires new system architecture and rigorous methods for decision-making in a multi-disciplinary design procedure. Accordingly, the challenge is to define the design requirements and the economic feasibility of the final product.

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Section: Ev's Powertrain Systems Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric vehicles’ powertrain systems architectures design complexity

Banagar¹,

Andwari²,

Mehranfar³

et al. 2023

futech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 15,16 ] Despite the zero tailpipe emissions and reduced operating costs, the battery‐electric MHT would potentially reverse the environment and operating gains without proper design. [ 17 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15,16] Despite the zero tailpipe emissions and reduced operating costs, the battery-electric MHT would potentially reverse the environment and operating gains without proper design. [17] Powertrain design optimization for onroad vehicles has been developed for years. Despite electric motors' high torque and energy conversion efficiency capability, the optimal gear ratio design could balance BEV's dynamic and economic performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Sizing, Gear Ratios, and Shifting Schedule of Battery‐Electric Mining Haul Trucks to Enhance Energy Efficiency

Liu,

Feng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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At present, mining haul trucks (MHTs) directly deploy the on‐road heavy‐duty trucks’ battery‐electric powertrain, as they can cut down costs and emissions in mining. However, the operating patterns of MHT are different, e.g., ultraduty, low‐speed, and continuous road slopes, resulting in a mismatch between the dynamic and economic performance of mining required and the MHT achieved. The powertrain design and control influence the dynamic and economic performance, which can be quantitatively measured by top speed, gradeability, and energy consumption. This study uses an improved differential evolutionary algorithm to develop an integrated optimization platform to obtain the components sizing, gear ratio, and shifting schedule for the dedicated battery‐electric MHT. Mathematical models are established and validated using on‐site experiment data. An integrated optimization platform is initiated by concurrently formulating the motor sizing, gear ratio, and shifting schedule and solved by the improved differential evolutionary algorithm. Optimization results indicate that the economic performance is enhanced by 10.82%, 11.08%, 11.18%, and 11.20%, respectively, while maintaining or slightly improving the dynamic performance. Besides, the achievable maximum speed at the most common grade is boosted by 11.82%, 6.52%, 7.44%, and 6.52%, respectively. The study provides an approach to developing a battery‐electric powertrain for MHT.

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“…Although much more research work has been carried out about TST, MST and CVT as summarized by [28], there is no mass production of TST and MST on EV. There are not only technical problems, but also cost and other reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Design and Speed Ratio Control Strategy of Continuously Variable Transmission for Electric Vehicle

Liu,

Zhou

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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In order to develop continuously variable transmission (CVT) suited for electric vehicle (EV), a comparative analysis of the transmission used on EV is introduced in this paper. To solve the problems of traditional CVT used for EV, a newly designed electric CVT (ECVT) is proposed. The final drive ratio, speed ratio range of variator and hydraulic system of ECVT are redesigned for improving the transmission efficiency. Considering that the permanent magnet synchronization traction motor (PMSTM) of EV has an ideal driving characteristic (Constant torque at low speed, constant power at high speed) and wider high efficiency area compared with gasoline engine, the speed ratio control strategy of ECVT is studied again for improving the vehicle driving range and better meeting the requirements of driver. Finally, a simulation test system is fabricated for evaluating the battery energy consumption of an EV equipped with ECVT and single-speed transmission (SST) under constant speed and road drive cycle. The simulation results show that the ECVT proposed can extend the endurance mileage of EV at the speed of 20 to 90km/h, and improve the acceleration performance from 0 to 50km/h. The EV equipped with ECVT showed more advantages compared with SST in urban conditions.

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Review of the Methods to Optimize Power Flow in Electric Vehicle Powertrains for Efficiency and Driving Performance

Cited by 18 publications

References 97 publications

Electric vehicles’ powertrain systems architectures design complexity

Electric vehicles’ powertrain systems architectures design complexity

Optimal Sizing, Gear Ratios, and Shifting Schedule of Battery‐Electric Mining Haul Trucks to Enhance Energy Efficiency

Study on the Design and Speed Ratio Control Strategy of Continuously Variable Transmission for Electric Vehicle

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