Review of the Research on and Optimization of the Flow Force of Hydraulic Spool Valves

Li, Ruichuan; Sun, Yalong; Wu, Xiao-Lun; Zhang, Peng; Li, Defang; Lin, Jianghai; Xia, Yang; Sun, Qiyou

doi:10.3390/pr11072183

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…There were several developments in the past two decades that show the potential how to improve energy efficiency of hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Optimizing the shape of hydraulic valve housing and spools to reduce both, the static and dynamic flow forces, presents one of the solutions [1]. Lower flow forces lead to a reduced actuation force requirement for the valve, enabling the use of low-power solenoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Energy Consumption of Piezo Actuators Used in Hydraulic Switching Valve

Simic,

Herakovic

2024

14th International Fluid Power Conference

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This paper presents a four-way digital piezo valve system (4WDPVS) composed of four high-response switching piezo valves. The main part of the new switching valves introduces the piezo actuator system (PAS) used instead of conventional solenoids. One of the important aspects in digital hydraulic systems is the use of energy-efficient switching hydraulic valves that assure low switching energy and low holding power consumption in the steady-state open valve state. First, the theoretical background of piezo technology is presented. Second, a detailed description of the new piezoelectric actuator system used in switching valves and four-way digital piezo valve system. The main part presents experimental analysis of the electrical energy consumption of the new piezoelectric actuator system. To validate and compare the electrical switching energy and the holding power consumption, several existing switching valves were used as reference. The results show a huge reduction of electrical energy consumption when using the new PAS for hydraulic switching valve actuation. Especially the holding power consumption in the stationary active state is about 6 times lower compared to other existing hydraulic switching valves controlled by solenoids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Energy Consumption of Piezo Actuators Used in Hydraulic Switching Valve

Simic,

Herakovic

2024

14th International Fluid Power Conference

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“…Using CFD simulation software Ansys Fluent 2022 R2, the flow field in the proportional directional valve can be analysed. Thus, CFD analysis provides a means to predict the flow force when designing or upgrading the geometry of a proportional directional valve [11][12][13][14][15]. The magnitude of the flow force can be influenced, for example, by the shape of the groove or the flow area of the throttle edges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Flow Force Acting on the Spool of Proportional Directional Valve

Ledvoň,

Hružík,

Bureček

et al. 2023

Processes

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This paper deals with the experimental and numerical analysis of the flow force acting on the spool of a proportional directional valve. The flow force arises due to the fluid flow through the flow path of the proportional directional valve and significantly influences the dynamics of the valve spool. The valve under investigation is a three-position four-way proportional directional valve with zero spool lap and feedback from the spool position. The dependence of the valve spool flow force on the volumetric flow rate is measured as part of the experiment. The measurements are performed for different spool displacements. The measured data will be used to verify the numerical simulations. The proportional directional valve was modified so that a force sensor could be included on the spool axis to realize the experiment. Firstly, the flow force is measured as the fluid passes through the two flow paths of the valve (PB and AT). Subsequently, the experimental setup is modified to determine the flow force when the fluid passes through each flow path separately. The measurements are compared. Simulations of the flow through the proportional directional valve are performed using Ansys Fluent 2022 R2 software to determine the flow forces acting on the valve spool. Simulations are performed for the selected spool positions of the proportional directional valve. Finally, the results of the simulation and the experiment are compared. The contribution of this study is a CFD model of the flow paths of the proportional directional valve verified by experiment. The CFD model will allow the flow force analysis for different flow path geometries of the investigated valve. Experimental analysis of flow force is performed over the entire spool stroke at different volumetric flow rates. The flow forces are measured for each flow path separately and for both flow paths simultaneously.

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“…The selection of different valve core structures can effectively improve the properties of the valve. In [34], the authors look for effective methods by which to reduce or use the flow force of hydraulic valves. In [35,36], the authors present the results of research on improving the efficiency of valves in terms of on/off switching.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Experimental Tests of a Four-Way Valve with the Determination of Flow Characteristics for Building Central Heating Installations Using Solid Modeling

Niekurzak,

Mikulik

2024

Energies

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The article presents the design of a four-way valve, implemented in SolidWorks software (SOLIDWORKS® i 3DEXPERIENCE® Works Simulation) and used for central heating installations in buildings. The project was carried out in order to examine the innovative design of the medium mixing mechanism and to conduct strength and FMEA analysis. The innovative solutions proposed by the authors in this work will allow valves of this type to meet stringent environmental standards. These standards are currently being introduced for this type of structural element of machine parts as part of the energy transformation of buildings. Potential failures occurring in individual elements of the four-way valve were also tested using Failure mode and effects analysis. In addition, strength tests were performed in SolidWorks software using static analysis, and optimization tests were performed on the refrigerant in terms of its impact on the environment. The characteristics of the tested materials in the valve design show that the best materials are brass and stainless steel. Brass has a Poisson’s ratio of 0.33, a tensile strength of 478.4 MPa and a yield strength of 239.7 MPa. In turn, stainless steel is characterized by the following parameters: Poisson’s ratio of 0.27, tensile strength of 685 MPa and yield strength of 292 MPa. The designed valve reduces energy consumption by 30% through a properly designed medium flow with the appropriate selection of materials. Moreover, the design reduces the thickness of the contaminant layer by 0.17 mm, with a capacity factor of −2.50% and an evaporator Δp of 3.10% (53 kPa). The performed research provides knowledge on the subject selection of appropriate material, a description of the potential failures of the structural elements of the designed four-way valve and methods of counteracting these failures. The article presents the optimization role of the tested component in the context of sustainable development.

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Review of the Research on and Optimization of the Flow Force of Hydraulic Spool Valves

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Experimental Analysis of Energy Consumption of Piezo Actuators Used in Hydraulic Switching Valve

Experimental Analysis of Energy Consumption of Piezo Actuators Used in Hydraulic Switching Valve

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Flow Force Acting on the Spool of Proportional Directional Valve

Design and Experimental Tests of a Four-Way Valve with the Determination of Flow Characteristics for Building Central Heating Installations Using Solid Modeling

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