2012
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4339-y
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Review of the specific effects of microwave radiation on bacterial cells

Abstract: The aim of the present review was to evaluate the literature suggesting that consideration be given to the existence of specific microwave (MW) effects on prokaryotic microorganisms; that is, effects on organisms that cannot be explained by virtue of temperature increases alone. This review considered a range of the reported effects on cellular components; including membranes, proteins, enzyme activity as well as cell death. It is concluded that the attribution of such effects to non-thermal mechanisms is not … Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…By conducting experiments with two variables (thermal and specific MW effects), controversy arises over how to differentiate between specific MW effects and thermal effects (35). The advantage of using a thermophile, e.g., T. scotoductus, for MW experiments is that the elevated temperatures (Ͼ60°C) resulting from MW heating are suitable for culturing (36) and result in viable cells and enhanced growth.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By conducting experiments with two variables (thermal and specific MW effects), controversy arises over how to differentiate between specific MW effects and thermal effects (35). The advantage of using a thermophile, e.g., T. scotoductus, for MW experiments is that the elevated temperatures (Ͼ60°C) resulting from MW heating are suitable for culturing (36) and result in viable cells and enhanced growth.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These remarks can complete the analyses provided by Shamis et al (9) in their recent study. According to these authors, there is a possible specific effect of 18-GHz microwave radiation at sublethal temperatures on bacteria very similar to that of electroporation of the cell membrane and which appears to be electrokinetic in nature (9,38).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In such experiments, two kinds of temperatures can be considered: i) the bulk temperature, or the average fluid bulk temperature, which is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, and (ii) the instantaneous temperature, which is here a function of microwave power and is not directly measurable due to its short existence and molecular nature (38). As has been well discussed in a recent review from Shamis et al (2012) (38), the instantaneous temperature principle suggests that a "nonthermal" effect cannot be considered to exist in microwave processing without careful control of this instantaneous temperature, since an unmeasured energy transfer is occurring between the microwaves and the sample. According to these authors, for microwave effects that cannot be accounted for by changes to bulk solution, the expression "specific microwave effects" may be more suitable than "nonthermal effects.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To account for this type of heating, a majority of the previous experiments used either mature cells or short exposure times with low-energy high-frequency radiation. For details, including the experimental designs and organisms used for studying microwave radiation effects over the last 20 years, see the excellent reviews by Banik et al (31) and Shamis et al (6).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, confirmation that a biological effect results from exposing live cells to an electromagnetic field has yet to be definitively demonstrated. Most studies to date involving the physiological or transcriptional effects of microwave radiation on living microorganisms have been performed with mesophilic bacteria, archaea (6), and select eukaryotic systems (7,8). The selection of mesophilic organisms coupled with highly varied experimental designs were practical considerations used to generate each individual result.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%