Review of the ultrastructure of the nematode body cuticle and its phylogenetic interpretation

Decraemer, Wilfrida; Karanastasi, Eirini; Brown, D. J. F.; Backeljau, Thierry

doi:10.1017/s1464793102006115

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Nematodes have little recognizable repeated architecture, although there is some evidence of patterning of the cuticle (Decraemer et al 2003), suggesting that truncation, as well as reduction (mode (g) discussed below) of repeated units has occurred. In this context some nematodes appear to have lost some combination of Antp, Ubx, abdA type selector gene homologues, relative to other nematodes, nematomorphs, priapulids, and panarthropods (Aboobaker and Blaxter 2003).…”

Section: Modes Of Bilaterian Evolution Given Terminal Addition As An mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

Jacobs

Hughes

Fitz‐Gibbon

et al. 2005

Evolution and Development

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SUMMARYWe examine terminal addition, the process of addition of serial elements in a posterior subterminal growth zone during animal development, across modern taxa and fossil material. We argue that terminal addition was the basal condition in Bilateria, and that modification of terminal addition was an important component of the rapid Cambrian evolution of novel bilaterian morphology. We categorize the often-convergent modifications of terminal addition from the presumed ancestral condition. Our focus on terminal addition and its modification highlights trends in the history of animal evolution evident in the fossil record. These trends appear to be the product of departure from the initial terminal addition state, as is evident in evolutionary patterns within-fossil groups such as trilobites, but is also more generally related to shifts in types of morphologic change through the early Phanerozoic. Our argument is contingent on dates of metazoan divergence that are roughly convergent with the first appearance of metazoan fossils in the latest Proterozoic and Cambrian, as well as on an inference of homology of terminal addition across bilaterian Metazoa.

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Section: Modes Of Bilaterian Evolution Given Terminal Addition As An mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

Jacobs

Hughes

Fitz‐Gibbon

et al. 2005

Evolution and Development

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“…Elements of the cuticle seem to have arisen independently several times within the Nematoda and thus are highly homoplasious (e.g. the cortical or basal radial striae, spiral fiber layers and a fluid matrix with struts) (Decraemer et al 2003). Up till now, the ultrastructures of the external body-cuticle are intractable.…”

Section: Cuticlementioning

confidence: 99%

Nematodes ultrastructure: complex systems and processes

Basyoni

Rizk

2016

J Parasit Dis

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Nematode worms are among the most ubiquitous organisms on earth. They include free-living forms as well as parasites of plants, insects, humans and other animals. Recently, there has been an explosion of interest in nematode biology, including the area of nematode ultrastructure. Nematodes are round with a body cavity. They have one way guts with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. They have a pseudocoelom that is lined on one side with mesoderm and on the other side with endoderm. It appears that the cuticle is a very complex and evolutionarily plastic feature with important functions involving protection, body movement and maintaining shape. They only have longitudinal muscles so; they seem to thrash back and forth. While nematodes have digestive, reproductive, nervous and excretory systems, they do not have discrete circulatory or respiratory systems. Nematodes use chemosensory and mechanosensory neurons embedded in the cuticle to orient and respond to a wide range of environmental stimuli. Adults are made up of roughly 1000 somatic cells and hundreds of those cells are typically associated with the reproductive systems. Nematodes ultrastructure seeks to provide studies which enable their use as models for diverse biological processes including; human diseases, immunity, host-parasitic interactions and the expression of phylogenomics. The latter has, however, not been brought into a single inclusive entity. Consequently, in the current review we tried to provide a comprehensive approach to the current knowledge available for nematodes ultrastructures.

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“…The cuticle of nematodes is an extremely rigid but flexible multilayered exoskeleton that protects the organism from the damage caused by environmental factors (Decraemer et al, 2003). While collagen proteins are the primary structural components of the cuticle and some other proteins are essential for maintaining the integrity of the cuticle (Bird and Bird, 1986;Ahman et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of protease-mediated cuticle-degradation of nematodes by using an improved immunofluorescence-localization method

Tian¹,

Huang²,

Huang³

et al. 2009

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Review of the ultrastructure of the nematode body cuticle and its phylogenetic interpretation

Cited by 48 publications

References 96 publications

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

Nematodes ultrastructure: complex systems and processes

Investigation of protease-mediated cuticle-degradation of nematodes by using an improved immunofluorescence-localization method

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