Review of zinc dendrite formation in zinc bromine redox flow battery

Xu, Zhicheng; Fan, Q.; Yang, Li; Wang, Jun; Lund, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.109838

Cited by 101 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The surface diffusion and further nonuniform accumulation of metal atoms lead to the generation of zinc dendrites. [ 67 ] The hindered mass transfer process results in the limited supply of Zn 2+ ions/zincate to the substrate along with the intensified concentration polarization in electrolyte, which are favorable for the dendritic growth. [ 54,68 ] Dendrite hinders the ion transport and forms a vicious cycle.…”

Section: The Formation and Growth Mechanism Of Zn Dendrites And Their Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronanostructured Design of Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anodes and Their Applications in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

Cui

Han

2021

Small Structures

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Aqueous zinc‐based rechargeable batteries are considered to be one of the most promising new energy storage systems due to their unique advantages (e.g., low cost, high safety, environmental friendliness, and high energy density). However, the formation of zinc dendrites at the anode during the operation can puncture the separator and even cause short circuit of batteries, which is one of the serious problems in Zn‐based batteries. Therefore, understanding the growth process of dendrites and suppressing the formation of zinc dendrites are necessary for the further development and large‐scale applications of Zn‐based batteries. Herein, the growth mechanism and the influence factors of zinc dendrites are first introduced in detail by combining the experimental and theoretical results. Moreover, the effective strategies for suppressing dendrites through micronanostructured design are summarized, including surface modification, alloying, and substrate selection/porous structure engineering. In the end, the challenges in the further development of high‐performance dendrite‐free zinc anode are discussed, and the research frontiers trends are prospected as well. It is aimed to shed light on the rational design and structure tuning of high‐performance zinc electrode materials for advanced zinc‐based secondary batteries for clean energy storage technologies.

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Section: The Formation and Growth Mechanism Of Zn Dendrites And Their Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronanostructured Design of Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anodes and Their Applications in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

Cui

Han

2021

Small Structures

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“…These batteries also suffer from other problems, e.g., zinc dendrite formation in the negative electrode, corrosion of the electrode, and the addition of expensive complexing agents to prevent the diffusion of bromine. The core materials used in ZBFB are cheaper than the ones used on other RFBs, however, the solutions to solve the problems previously explained make the commercial price of these batteries similar to other RFBs [3,10,246,247]. Zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFB) are inserted in the electroplated flow battery category.…”

Section: Zinc-bromine Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

et al. 2021

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The implementation of renewable energy sources is rapidly growing in the electrical sector. This is a major step for civilization since it will reduce the carbon footprint and ensure a sustainable future. Nevertheless, these sources of energy are far from perfect and require complementary technologies to ensure dispatchable energy and this requires storage. In the last few decades, redox flow batteries (RFB) have been revealed to be an interesting alternative for this application, mainly due to their versatility and scalability. This technology has been the focus of intense research and great advances in the last decade. This review aims to summarize the most relevant advances achieved in the last few years, i.e., from 2015 until the middle of 2021. A synopsis of the different types of RFB technology will be conducted. Particular attention will be given to vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), the most mature RFB technology, but also to the emerging most promising chemistries. An in-depth review will be performed regarding the main innovations, materials, and designs. The main drawbacks and future perspectives for this technology will also be addressed.

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“…This could be addressed by adding supporting electrolyte salts such as ammonium-based chloride, sulfate, and bromide complex or using a membrane with tailored properties. [18] Chloride salts such as KCl and NH 4 Cl are often used as supporting electrolyte additives to enhance electrolyte conductivity and to improve the energy efficiency of supercapacitors. [19] Wu et al reported that the energy retention rate of a supercapacitor with NH 4 Cl auxiliary electrolyte additives (74.3%) was higher than that without the additives (60.4%) at a current density of 40 mA cm −2 .…”

Section: Challenges and Strategies Of Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be addressed by adding supporting electrolyte salts such as ammonium‐based chloride, sulfate, and bromide complex or using a membrane with tailored properties. [ 18 ] Chloride salts such as KCl and NH 4 Cl are often used as supporting electrolyte additives to enhance electrolyte conductivity and to improve the energy efficiency of supercapacitors. [ 19 ] Wu et al.…”

Section: Bromide Based Aarlementioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic Aqueous Anionic Redox Liquid Electrolyte for Supercapacitors

Pang

Wang

2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Energy storage system based on supercapacitors is known for its high power density but suffers low energy density. To address this issue, aqueous anionic redox liquid electrolyte (AARLE) has been explored to enhance the energy density of supercapacitors by taking advantage of AARLE's favorable features including fast transport of ions in the liquid medium and electrochemical charge transfer of the redox couple in the liquid electrolyte, which is expected to produce supercapacitors with desirable high density of energy and power. The past few years have witnessed the progress of AARLE in energy storage applications such as supercapacitors. Given the significant potential of AARLE in supercapacitors, in this article, the application of AARLE in different types of supercapacitors, including electrical double‐layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors, and asymmetric supercapacitors is reviewed. The performance of the supercapacitors that utilize AARLE with representative redox couple species such as Br−/Br3−, I−/I3−, I2/IO3−, S2−/Sx2−, Fe(CN)64−/Fe(CN)63− is summarized and systematically analyzed in terms of specific capacitance, energy density, power density, and cycling stability. The underlying mechanism of these representative anionic redox species is shown in supercapacitors. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these anionic redox species are discussed regarding delivering stable supercapacitors with high energy density and power density for practical applications. Finally, the challenge and opportunity of AARLE for supercapacitors are presented. It is hoped that this timely review on this critical topic can offer a new perspective for developing high‐performance supercapacitors by taking advantage of the anionic redox charge storage in the liquid electrolytes in the future.

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Review of zinc dendrite formation in zinc bromine redox flow battery

Cited by 101 publications

References 108 publications

Micronanostructured Design of Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anodes and Their Applications in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

Micronanostructured Design of Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anodes and Their Applications in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

Inorganic Aqueous Anionic Redox Liquid Electrolyte for Supercapacitors

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