Review on Advanced Control Technologies for Bidirectional DC/DC Converters in DC Microgrids

Xu, Qianwen; Vafamand, Navid; Chen, Linglin; Dragičević, Tomislav; Xie, Lihua; Blaabjerg, Frede

doi:10.1109/jestpe.2020.2978064

Cited by 265 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Complexity the linear proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller [32] and linear quadratic regulator [33,45] only assure the local stability around the operating point. However, the suggested LPV controller assures the stability of the system on the basis of its physical bounds of the nonlinear and time-varying parameters [46].…”

Section: ⎧ ⎨ ⎩ (31)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Linear Parameter Varying Control Approach for DC/DC Converters in All‐Electric Boats

et al. 2021

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Utilization of renewable energies in association with energy storage is increased in different applications such as electrical vehicles (EVs), electric boats (EBs), and smart grids. A robust controller strategy plays a significant role to optimally utilize the energy resources available in a power system. In this paper, a suitable controller for the energy resources of an EB which consists of a 5 kW solar power plant, 5 kW fuel cell, and 2 kW battery package is designed based on the linear parameter varying (LPV) controller design approach. Initially, all component dynamics are augmented, and by exploiting the sector-nonlinearity approach, the LPV representation is derived. Then, the LPV control method determines the suitable gains of the states’ feedbacks to provide the required pulse commands of the boost converters of the energy resources to regulate the DC-link voltage and supply the power of EB loads. Comparing with the state-of-the-art nonlinear control methods, the developed control approach assures the stability of the overall system, as it considers all component dynamics in the design procedure. The real-time simulation results demonstrate the performance of the designed controller in the creation of a constant DC-link voltage.

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Section: ⎧ ⎨ ⎩ (31)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Linear Parameter Varying Control Approach for DC/DC Converters in All‐Electric Boats

et al. 2021

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“…In recent times, various control schemes for DAB converters are proposed 11‐14 . The linear controllers 15 are designed for small signal model of DAB which requires the system linearization at a fixed operating point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A feed‐forward loop is introduced 21 to improve the performance, which also requires a high sampling rate of transformer current. As the limitation for current sensing products is 2 MHz and below 100 A, these two techniques limit the high‐power and high‐frequency operation of DAB 11 . The current sensor‐less predictive control method 22 provides a slower transient response under load variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sliding mode and current observer‐based direct power control of dual active bridge converter with constant power load

Tiwary

Panda

et al. 2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary This article presents a bidirectional isolated DC‐DC dual active bridge (DAB) converter, with an improved control strategy under constant power load (CPL) conditions. Major applications of DAB are in solid‐state transformers (SSTs), energy storage systems, dc‐microgrid, and electric vehicle, where it feeds other converters, which act as a CPLs. CPLs have negative impedance characteristics, thereby, have a destabilizing effect and impact the dynamics and stability of power converters feeding them. Maintaining the dc‐link stability and obtaining a robust control with enhanced dynamic performance is a significant challenge. This paper proposes a sliding mode control method for DAB feeding CPL in its output dc‐link. A sliding mode controller is designed to employ direct power control and maintain a constant output voltage in dc‐link for various loading conditions. Additionally, to remove the output current sensor, an output current observer is proposed for improving the reliability and decreasing the cost. The proposed method improves the transient performance, with robust control over parameter mismatch when CPL is connected to the dc‐link. The transient performance and output voltage regulation with the proposed control technique are simulated with a 3 kW DAB converter in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Furthermore, the same proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with various loading conditions.

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“…© 2020 The Authors. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology thereby behaving as constant power loads (CPL) for the dc system [12][13][14]. The typical examples of CPLs used in low power dc system are telecom switches, wireless communications base stations, servers used in data centers, closed-loop electric drives used in electric vehicles, electronic loads (like laptops, mobile phones, compact florescent lamps, light emitting diode bulbs) etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of capacitance for stable operation of low power DC system with constant power loads

Islam

Anand

et al. 2020

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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The connection of constant power loads (CPL) in a low power dc system leads to a reduction in the stability margin of the system. Most of the existing techniques increase the stability margin by modifying the controller for CPL or source converter at the cost of deterioration in the performance of converters. Few publications have suggested methods to determine the value of dc‐link capacitance required for stable operation of dc microgrid with CPL. These methods do not necessarily give the minimum possible capacitance as a solution. This paper suggests a method to determine the lower bound on the value of capacitor, for stable operation of dc system. A dc system with both linear and CPL loads is considered. Detailed mathematical analysis is used to determine the range of capacitance to ensure the stability of equilibrium point. Further, this paper discusses the effects of variation in linear loads on the selection of capacitor. The procedure of capacitor selection for a low power dc system is included. Using the real‐time digital simulator and a digital signal processor, controller hardware‐in‐loop based validation is carried out for the proposed approach.

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Review on Advanced Control Technologies for Bidirectional DC/DC Converters in DC Microgrids

Cited by 265 publications

References 133 publications

A Linear Parameter Varying Control Approach for DC/DC Converters in All‐Electric Boats

A Linear Parameter Varying Control Approach for DC/DC Converters in All‐Electric Boats

Sliding mode and current observer‐based direct power control of dual active bridge converter with constant power load

Selection of capacitance for stable operation of low power DC system with constant power loads

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