Review on alternative fuel application in iron ore sintering

Bao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

Iron coke has emerged as a promising raw material for low‐carbon ironmaking. However, the structure and properties of iron coke are still obstacles to practical application in blast furnaces, especially the strength of iron coke. Herein, investigations on the preparation and properties of iron coke are reviewed and an integrated system for the performance optimization and efficient utilization of iron coke is proposed. First, the characteristics of different preparation processes for iron coke are compared; then the advantages and limitations of the three processes are summarized. Afterward, the evolution mechanism of iron coke strength and the catalytic mechanism of Fe on the gasification reaction of iron coke are explored in depth. In addition, the coupling mechanism of iron coke gasification and iron ore reduction is analyzed and discussed. The influence of iron coke on the melting–dropping properties of blast furnace charge and the mathematical simulation of using iron coke in the blast furnace are analyzed and summarized. Finally, a comprehensive strategy for the performance optimization of iron coke and its efficient application in the blast furnace is proposed, in which the sequence slicing 3D reconstruction method is applied to analyze the relationship between microstructure and performance of iron coke.

Section: Effect Of Iron Coke On the Performance Of Blast Furnace Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Bao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

“…2 The solid product obtained from low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank noncaking coal is semi-coke, which has the characteristics of high chemical activity, low ash, low aluminum, low sulfur, and low phosphorus, and has been identified as clean energy. 3 In the steel industry, with the increasing demand for high-quality anthracite and coke, semi-coke has attracted great attention due to its excellent characteristics, 4 and researchers 5,6 have begun to explore the use of low-cost semi-coke as an alternative fuel for blast furnace injection and sintering processes. Nevertheless, there are still some problems in the steel production of semi-coke as an alternative fuel, such as the increase in fuel ratio and decrease in the economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change of the Petrographic Characteristics of Semi-Coke in the Iron Ore Sintering Process

Fang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

Self Cite

This study focuses on the petrographic analysis method to evaluate semi-coke and its combustion behavior in the sintering process, which has been seldom conducted before. Semicokes are different in morphological features, porosity, pore structure, and wall thickness, because of differences in the vitrinite and inertinite of the raw coal. Semi-coke displayed isotropy, and even after the drop tube furnace (DTF) and sintering process, it still retained its optical properties. Eight kinds of sintered ash were observed using reflected light microscopy. Petrographic analyzes for the combustion properties of semi-coke were based on its optical structure, morphological development, and unburned char. The results indicated that microscopic morphology was an important characteristic when trying to understand the behavior and burnout of semi-coke. These characteristics can be used to trace the origin of the unburned char in fly ash. The unburned semi-coke mostly existed in the form of inertoid, mixed dense and mixed porous. Meanwhile, it was found that most of the unburned chars were melted into sinter, resulting in inefficient fuel combustion.

“…Therefore, to reduce the use of fossil fuels and energy consumption in the sintering process, seeking alternative energy has good research significance. At present, the use of semi-coke, charcoal, blast furnace gas ash, and coking dust to replace part of the sintering fuel has been studied and applied [5][6][7][8][9][10] and has achieved good social and economic benefits in Baosteel, Anyang Steel, Handan Steel, and other steel enterprises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of municipal sludge addition on the sinter process and sinter quality

Ping

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

Pan³

et al. 2023

In order to analyse the feasibility of sintering for municipal sludge treatment, a sintering pot was used for the experiment. The results showed that the main effects of sludge addition on the sintering process and sinter quality come from the changes in the heat addition and moisture content of the granulated sinter. The addition of sludge could improve the granulation efficiency of the sinter mixture and the particle size composition of the sinter. When the proportion of sludge was 7%, the addition of sludge completely replaced the water required for mixing, and the overall sintering index was the best. In this case, after reducing fuel consumption by 10%, except for the content of P, the sinter quality and the sintering index could met the requirements of steel production. Finally, the use of fuel and raw materials with high P content needed to be reduced with the addition of sludge.