Review on Carbon/Polyaniline Hybrids: Design and Synthesis for Supercapacitor

Abstract

Polyaniline has been widely used in high-performance pseudocapacitors, due to its low cost, easy synthesis, and high theoretical specific capacitance. However, the poor mechanical properties of polyaniline restrict its further development. Compared with polyaniline, functionalized carbon materials have excellent physical and chemical properties, such as porous structures, excellent specific surface area, good conductivity, and accessibility to active sites. However, it should not be neglected that the specific capacity of carbon materials is usually unsatisfactory. There is an effective strategy to combine carbon materials with polyaniline by a hybridization approach to achieve a positive synergistic effect. After that, the energy storage performance of carbon/polyaniline hybridization material has been significantly improved, making it a promising and important electrode material for supercapacitors. To date, significant progress has been made in the synthesis of various carbon/polyaniline binary composite electrode materials. In this review, the corresponding properties and applications of polyaniline and carbon hybrid materials in the energy storage field are briefly reviewed. According to the classification of different types of functionalized carbon materials, this article focuses on the recent progress in carbon/polyaniline hybrid materials, and further analyzes their corresponding properties to provide guidance for the design, synthesis, and component optimization for high-performance supercapacitors.

MnO2/Carbon Composites for Supercapacitor: Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance

“…Moreover, the carbon material can transform the structure and bonding mode of the composite material, thereby improving charging/discharging rate capability and cycle stability. For pure carbon materials, their specific capacitance and energy density (100∼300 F g −1 , 5∼7 Wh kg −1 ) largely depends on specific surface area, porosity, and pore size distribution (Wang et al, 2019b). In recent years, a large number of functional carbon nanomaterials with related excellent properties, such as activated carbon (AC) (Faraji and Ani, 2015), graphene [including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO)] (Shi et al, 2018), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (Qian et al, 2012), carbon nanofibers (CNFs) (Peng et al, 2016), and carbon aerogel (CA) (Hao et al, 2014) have emerged, which provide many favorable conditions for improving material properties.…”

Study on Direct Synthesis of Energy Efficient Multifunctional Polyaniline–Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite and Its Application in Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitor Devices

“…Polyaniline (PANI), the most versatile member of the class of ICPs, has been applied in various energy storage devices and studied in detail [12]. The admirable potential of polyaniline as a pseudocapacitive material for energy storage lies in its easy synthesis [13], cost effectiveness, and high electric conductivity [14].…”

Recent Advance in Co3O4 and Co3O4-Containing Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors

“…They have advantages of high stability, ease of process, and excellent electrochemical properties. Thus, they are often used as electrode materials [109]. However, conductive polymers lose their conductivity due to electrode damage caused by the embedding and deactivation of anti-ions during circular charging and discharging.…”