Review on Clinical Trials of Black Seed (Nigella sativa ) and Its Active Constituent, Thymoquinone

Tavakkoli, Alireza; Mahdian, Vahid; Razavi, Bibi Marjan; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein

doi:10.3831/kpi.2017.20.021

Cited by 154 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The safety and efficacy of N sativa used for many human diseases has been established in several randomized clinical studies. 7 We also used N sativa oil in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial on asthmatic patients with acceptable safety and efficacy profile. 8 Moreover, several meta-analyses have confirmed the beneficial effects and safety of N sativa on hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and asthma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigella sativa L as a potential phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A mini review of in silico studies

Koshak¹,

Koshak²

2020

Current Therapeutic Research

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Background Coronaviruses are responsible for several human diseases, such as the infectious novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nigella sativa is a natural food supplement with a known safety profile that may provide a wealth of documented antiviral compounds. Objective To explore the studies supporting the N sativa potential for hitting SARS-CoV-2 targets. Methods A literature search for published or preprint in silico studies between 1990 and 2020 in electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar) was performed for the terms Nigella sativa, black seed, coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 , and COVID-19 . Results At least 8 in silico studies have shown that some compounds of N sativa , including nigelledine, α-hederin, hederagenin, thymohydroquinone, and thymoquinone, had high to moderate affinity with SARS-CoV-2 enzymes and proteins. These compounds may potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and attachment to host cell receptors . Conclusions These preliminary data of in silico studies propose N sativa as a potential phytotherapy candidate for COVID-19. Further preclinical experimental evidence is required followed by a Phase I clinical trial. ( Curr Ther Res Clin Exp . 2020; 81:XXX–XXX)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigella sativa L as a potential phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A mini review of in silico studies

Koshak¹,

Koshak²

2020

Current Therapeutic Research

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“…3 Nigella sativa is well-known traditional medicine in the middle east that is used to treat chronic cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal diseases. 4 Most of the pharmacological properties in this seed is attributes to its quinine derivative known as thymoquinone (TQ). 5 TQ has been well known for its diverse therapeutic properties including antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Formulation, Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Thymoquinone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Malignant Melanoma Cancer Cells</p>

Ibrahim

Rosli

Doolaanea

2020

IJN

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Introduction: Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active compound extracted from Nigella sativa a traditional herb with wide therapeutic applications and recognizable anticancer properties. This study aimed to formulate and characterize TQ-nanoparticles using PLGA as a biocompatible coating material (TQ-PLGA NPs) with the evaluation of its therapeutic properties in human melanoma cancer cells. Methods: The TQ-PLGA NPs were prepared and characterized for size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and release profile. Results: The particle size was 147.2 nm, with 22.1 positive zeta potential and 96.8% encapsulation efficiency. The NPs released 45.6% of the encapsulated TQ within 3 h followed by characteristic sustained release over 7 days with a total of 69.7% cumulative release. TQ-PLGA NPs were taken up effectively by the cells in a time-dependent manner up to 24 h. Higher cell toxicity was determined within the first 24 h in melanoma cells due to the rapid release of TQ from the NPs and its low stability in the cell culture media. Conclusion: TQ-PLGA NPs is a potential anticancer agent taking advantage of the sustained release and tailored size that allows accumulation in the cancer tissue by the enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, stability problems of the active ingredient were address in this study and requires further investigation.

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“…In a recent review, Molla et al (2019) described the anti-viral activity of Nigella sativa and its constituents against several human, animals, birds and plant pathogenic viruses, such as murine cytomegalovirus infection, avian influenza (H9N2), Schistosoma mansoni infection, PPR virus, broad bean mosaic virus, HIV, hepatitis C virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus, and papaya ring spot virus, suggesting that Nigella sativa may be one of the best sources of anti-viral drugs [187]. Furthermore, N. Sativa has been established as a safe herbal product [188]. Clinical trials using black seed and its active constituent, TQ, revealed that their administration did not cause liver, kidney, or gastrointestinal side effects [189,190].…”

Section: Thymoquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids Activation of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 as a Hypothesis Approach for the Prevention and Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity

Mendonca

Soliman

2020

Antioxidants

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The Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway is the principal regulator of antioxidant and phase II detoxification genes. Its activation increases the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins, protecting cells against infections. Nrf2 modulates virus-induced oxidative stress, ROS generation, and disease pathogenesis, which are vital in the viral life cycle. During respiratory viral infections, such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an inflammatory process, and oxidative stress of the epithelium lining cells activate the transcription factor Nrf2, which protects cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 reduces angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors expression in respiratory epithelial cells. SARS-CoV2 has a high affinity for ACE2 that works as receptors for coronavirus surface spike glycoprotein, facilitating viral entry. Disease severity may also be modulated by pre-existing conditions, such as impaired immune response, obesity, and age, where decreased level of Nrf2 is a common feature. Consequently, Nrf2 activators may increase Nrf2 levels and enhance antiviral mediators’ expression, which could initiate an “antiviral state”, priming cells against viral infection. Therefore, this hypothesis paper describes the use of flavonoid supplements combined with vitamin D3 to activate Nrf2, which may be a potential target to prevent and/or decrease SARS-CoV-2 infection severity, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, enhancing innate immunity, and downregulating ACE2 receptors.

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Review on Clinical Trials of Black Seed (Nigella sativa ) and Its Active Constituent, Thymoquinone

Cited by 154 publications

References 72 publications

Nigella sativa L as a potential phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A mini review of in silico studies

Nigella sativa L as a potential phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A mini review of in silico studies

<p>Formulation, Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Thymoquinone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Malignant Melanoma Cancer Cells</p>

Flavonoids Activation of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 as a Hypothesis Approach for the Prevention and Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity

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