Review on distribution, fate, and management of potentially toxic elements in incinerated medical wastes

Bolan, Shiv; Padhye, Lokesh P.; Kumar, Manish; Antoniadis, Vasileios; Sridharan, Srinidhi; Tang, Yuanyuan; Singh, Narendra; Hewawasam, Choolaka; Vithanage, Meththika; Singh, Lal; Rinklebe, Jörg; Song, Hocheol; Siddique, Kadambot H.M.; Kirkham, M.B.; Wang, Hailong; Bolan, Nanthi

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121080

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Pb emissions from waste incineration have been extensively studied [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], and high As levels can be related to anthropogenic waste and industrial activities such as sewage sludge incineration [ 45 , 46 ]. Prior studies have reported that refuse incineration is a major source of atmospheric Cd [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Outdoor and Indoor PM2.5 Source Contributions via Portable Air Filtration Systems in a Senior Residential Facility in Detroit, Michigan

Klaver,

Crane,

Ziemba

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Background: The Reducing Air Pollution in Detroit Intervention Study (RAPIDS) was designed to evaluate cardiovascular health benefits and personal fine particulate matter (particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter, PM2.5) exposure reductions via portable air filtration units (PAFs) among older adults in Detroit, Michigan. This double-blind randomized crossover intervention study has shown that, compared to sham, air filtration for 3 days decreased 3-day average brachial systolic blood pressure by 3.2 mmHg. The results also showed that commercially available HEPA-type and true HEPA PAFs mitigated median indoor PM2.5 concentrations by 58% and 65%, respectively. However, to our knowledge, no health intervention study in which a significant positive health effect was observed has also evaluated how outdoor and indoor PM2.5 sources impacted the subjects. With that in mind, detailed characterization of outdoor and indoor PM2.5 samples collected during this study and a source apportionment analysis of those samples using a positive matrix factorization model were completed. The aims of this most recent work were to characterize the indoor and outdoor sources of the PM2.5 this community was exposed to and to assess how effectively commercially available HEPA-type and true HEPA PAFs were able to reduce indoor and outdoor PM2.5 source contributions. Methods: Approximately 24 h daily indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples were collected on Teflon and Quartz filters from the apartments of 40 study subjects during each 3-day intervention period. These filters were analyzed for mass, carbon, and trace elements. Environmental Protection Agency Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) 5.0 was utilized to determine major emission sources that contributed to the outdoor and indoor PM2.5 levels during this study. Results: The major sources of outdoor PM2.5 were secondary aerosols (28%), traffic/urban dust (24%), iron/steel industries (15%), sewage/municipal incineration (10%), and oil combustion/refinery (6%). The major sources of indoor PM2.5 were organic compounds (45%), traffic + sewage/municipal incineration (14%), secondary aerosols (13%), smoking (7%), and urban dust (2%). Infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 for sham, HEPA-type, and true HEPA air filtration was 79 ± 24%, 61 ± 32%, and 51 ± 34%, respectively. Conclusions: The results from our study showed that intervention with PAFs was able to significantly decrease indoor PM2.5 derived from outdoor and indoor PM2.5 sources. The PAFs were also able to significantly reduce the infiltration of outdoor PM2.5. The results of this study provide insights into what types of major PM2.5 sources this community is exposed to and what degree of air quality and systolic blood pressure improvements are possible through the use of commercially available PAFs in a real-world setting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Outdoor and Indoor PM2.5 Source Contributions via Portable Air Filtration Systems in a Senior Residential Facility in Detroit, Michigan

Klaver,

Crane,

Ziemba

et al. 2023

Toxics

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“…This paper addresses the urgent need to understand and manage PTE contamination in landfills to protect public health and environmental integrity [90]. The release of PTEs from waste materials in landfills can also lead to ecotoxicity [111]. The ecotoxicological risk of PTE contamination from MSW landfills was also highlighted by Alghamdi et al [112] who demonstrated the negative impact of landfills on the quality of nearby soils and groundwater.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 97%

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and ecological risk at waste disposal sites: An analysis of sanitary landfills

Podlasek,

Vaverková,

Jakimiuk

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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This study presents an analysis of soil contamination caused by Ni, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb at municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, with a focus on ecological risk assessment. The approach aims to assess how different landfill practices and environmental conditions affect soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and associated environmental risks. Soil samples were collected from MSW landfills in Poland and the Czech Republic. The research included a comprehensive assessment of PTEs in soils in the context of global environmental regulations. The degree of soil contamination by PTEs was assessed using indices: Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Single Pollution Index (Pi), Nemerow Pollution Index (PN), and Load Capacity of a Pollutant (PLI). The ecological risk was determined using the Risk of PTEs (ERi) and Sum of Individual Potential Risk Factors (ERI). The maximum values of the indicators observed for the Radiowo landfill were as follows: Igeo = 4.04 for Cd, Pi = 24.80 for Cd, PN = 18.22 for Cd, PLI = 2.66, ERi = 744 for Cd, ERI = 771.80. The maximum values of the indicators observed for the Zdounky landfill were as follows: Igeo = 1.04 for Cu, Pi = 3.10 for Cu, PN = 2.52 for Cu, PLI = 0.27, ERi = 25 for Cd, ERI = 41.86. The soils of the tested landfills were considered to be non-saline, with electrical conductivity (EC) values less than 2,000 μS/cm. Varying levels of PTEs were observed, and geostatistical analysis highlighted hotspots indicating pollution sources. Elevated concentrations of Cd in the soil indicated potential ecological risks. Concentrations of Cu and lead Pb were well below the thresholds set by the environmental legislation in several countries. In addition, Ni concentrations in the soils of both landfills indicated that the average levels were within acceptable limits. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed common sources of PTEs. The identification of specific risk points at the Radiowo and Zdounky sites contributes to a better understanding of potential hazards in landfill environments. By establishing buffer zones and implementing regular maintenance programs, emerging environmental problems can be addressed in a timely manner.

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“…Currently, traditional approaches to organic solid waste management, such as landfilling and incineration, are commonly employed, , particularly in developing countries, where these treatments encompass almost all organic waste management. However, these methods have several disadvantages, including negative environmental consequences, such as greenhouse gas emissions and leachate contamination. − These approaches also fail to fully utilize the potential value of organic waste, resulting in a missed opportunity for resource recovery. Hence, there is an urgent need to transition from the mere treatment or harmless disposal of organic waste to a more sustainable recycling approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming Organic Solid Waste Management: Embracing Humification for Sustainable Resource Recovery

Bian,

Boguta,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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The paper provides an overview of the potential use of humic substances (HS) derived from organic waste in transforming waste management practices. It discusses various types of organic waste, the production methods of HS, and their applications in agriculture, environmental remediation, and industry. The Perspective emphasizes the transformative potential of HS in reshaping organic waste management practices, highlighting improved soil fertility, mitigation of soil degradation, and immobilization of pollutants in soil and water systems. Additionally, it explores the economic viability of HS-based waste management and potential revenue streams from value-added products derived from HS. The paper also addresses environmental and regulatory considerations, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive regulatory frameworks, international policy and regulatory support, and continuous monitoring and evaluation of waste management practices. By integrating HS-based waste management into circular economy models, the paper suggests that it can contribute to resource conservation, nutrient recycling, and the development of a bio-based economy. Overall, the utilization of HS in organic waste management has the potential to revolutionize the field and contribute to sustainable resource recovery. The paper suggests that future research should continue to explore the quantifiable benefits of integrating HS into organic waste management, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and efficient waste management system.

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Review on distribution, fate, and management of potentially toxic elements in incinerated medical wastes

Cited by 26 publications

References 112 publications

Reduction of Outdoor and Indoor PM2.5 Source Contributions via Portable Air Filtration Systems in a Senior Residential Facility in Detroit, Michigan

Reduction of Outdoor and Indoor PM2.5 Source Contributions via Portable Air Filtration Systems in a Senior Residential Facility in Detroit, Michigan

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and ecological risk at waste disposal sites: An analysis of sanitary landfills

Transforming Organic Solid Waste Management: Embracing Humification for Sustainable Resource Recovery

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