Review on evaluations of currently available blood-culture systems

Rohner, Peter; Auckenthaler, Raymond

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.1999.tb00429.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Indeed, it is commonplace to find that the caregivers can’t afford to pay for blood cultures before commencement of antibiotics. The use of manual culture techniques which accounted for 89% of techniques used in this review may have greatly hampered detection of GBS and other pathogens for the following reasons: automated blood culture systems support the growth of a wider range of organisms and at lower inoculum than manual systems, they also have antibiotic removal devices such as resins which help to enhance microbial growth in the presence of antibiotics, the continuous agitation of bottles by the equipment also encourages bacterial growth [ 55 , 56 ]. Dagnew et al reported higher isolation of GBS with automated systems[ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of neonatal sepsis in Nigeria, and relevance of Group b streptococcus: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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BackgroundGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) causes invasive infections in neonates and has been implicated as a cause of prelabour rupture of membranes, preterm delivery and stillbirths. The success of phase II trials of polyvalent polysaccharide GBS vaccines indicates that these infections are potentially preventable. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with one of the highest birth rates, one of the highest neonatal sepsis incidence rates and one of the highest mortality rates in the world. Therefore, before the possible introduction of preventive strategies such as intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis or GBS vaccine into Nigeria, it is vital that there is accurate data on the aetiology of neonatal sepsis and on the incidence of GBS neonatal sepsis in particular. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and aetiology of neonatal sepsis in Nigeria with a focus on GBS sepsis and also to assess the potential impact of a GBS vaccine.MethodsA literature search was conducted on the databases of African journals online, PubMed and Google Scholar for works conducted between 1987 to 2017. Case reports, reviews, and studies not stating specific culture methods or specific bacteria isolated were excluded. Data extracted included; incidence of neonatal sepsis, method of blood culture, blood volume, sample size, bacterial agents isolated and history of antibiotic use. PRISMA guidelines were followed and modified Down’s and Black criteria used to evaluate the quality of studies.ResultsA total of 5,114 studies were reviewed for neonatal sepsis out of which 24 consisting of a total of 2,280 cases were selected for final review. Nine studies met criteria for assessment of hospital based incidence of neonatal sepsis representing 31,305 hospital births. The incidence of neonatal sepsis was 18.2/1000 livebirths with range from 7-55/1000 livebirths while the GBS incidence was 0.06/1000 livebirths with range from 0-2/1000 live births. We discovered various limitations such as identification techniques that could result in underestimation of the true incidence of GBS sepsis. Pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were more commonly isolated than GBS.Implications of key findingsThe hospital based incidence of neonatal sepsis was high at 18.2/1000 live births while that due to GBS was 0.06/1000 live births. The burden of neonatal sepsis, including that attributable to GBS is substantial and could be reduced by preventive strategies such as intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis or GBS vaccine. There is however very sparse meaningful data currently. Well planned prospective studies with larger sample sizes, more advanced isolation and identification techniques and those following up invasive disease cases for possible short and long term sequelae are needed—not only prior to possible introduction of the vaccine to determine the baseline epidemiology, but also thereafter to monitor its impact on the population. Strategies need to be developed to also reduce the morbidity and mortality attributa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of neonatal sepsis in Nigeria, and relevance of Group b streptococcus: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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“…This contamination is mostly related to the sampling technique, since the possibility of contamination occurring in continuous automated systems is remote, although not nonexistent. 18,45,46 Rohner and Auckenthaler report a higher contamination rate of up to 4%, 36 while Bekeris et al reported a contamination rate of 2.89% for all cultures in a study conducted in 356 clinical laboratories. Of these, the rate of contamination in samples from neonates was 0.75% to 4.27%, with a median of 2.08%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The culture media used were those recommended in the literature. 19,[35][36][37][38] The plates were incubated as recommended: for blood agar, in an Accurate Thermo Scientific or Felisa incubator at 37 8C with 5.5% CO 2 , and for MacConkey agar, Columbia agar, and potato dextrose agar, at 37 8C. We quantified the number of microorganisms on each culture plate in accordance with the Kass account, in colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of buffy coat culture compared to total blood culture in late-onset sepsis of the newborn

Díaz

Vega-Méndez

Arízaga-Ballesteros

et al. 2013

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…During the visual inspection of bacterial growth, different parameters are assessed, such as the appearance of turbidity ("cloudiness") caused by undissolved particles in the broth, the deposition of bacterial colonies as "puff balls" at the bottom of the BCB, or as pellicle formation at the liquid-air interface, and gas production [7]. Automated systems outperform manual systems in terms of time-to-detection (TTD) and growth detection [7,[11][12][13][14][15][16], but they are expensive, require regular maintenance, and are not adapted to the environmental conditions commonly seen in low-resource settings (LRS) [17]. Therefore, many LRS laboratories still resort to manual blood culture systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Testing of the “Turbidimeter”, a Simple, Universal Reader Intended to Complement and Enhance Bacterial Growth Detection in Manual Blood Culture Systems in Low-Resource Settings

et al. 2022

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Bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance are an increasing problem in low-income countries. There is a clear need for adapted diagnostic tools. To address this need, we developed a simple, universal reader prototype that detects bacterial growth in blood culture bottles. Our “turbidimeter” evaluates bacterial growth, based on the turbidity of the broth and the color change of the colorimetric CO2 indicator in commercially available blood culture bottles. A total of 60 measurements were performed using 10 relevant microbial species, spiked in horse blood, to compare the turbidimeter’s performance with that of an automatic reference system. The turbidimeter was able to detect growth in all but one of the spiked blood culture bottles. In the majority (7/10) of the species tested, time-to-detection of the turbidimeter was shown to be non-inferior to the reference automated time-to-detection. This was, however, only the case when both the turbidity and color change in the colorimetric CO2-indicator were used to evaluate growth. We could not demonstrate the non-inferiority of the turbidity measurement alone. Overall, the turbidimeter performed well, but we also identified some improvements that will be implemented in the next version of the prototype.

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Review on evaluations of currently available blood-culture systems

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Cited by 9 publications

References 102 publications

Aetiology of neonatal sepsis in Nigeria, and relevance of Group b streptococcus: A systematic review

Aetiology of neonatal sepsis in Nigeria, and relevance of Group b streptococcus: A systematic review

Diagnostic accuracy of buffy coat culture compared to total blood culture in late-onset sepsis of the newborn

Pilot Testing of the “Turbidimeter”, a Simple, Universal Reader Intended to Complement and Enhance Bacterial Growth Detection in Manual Blood Culture Systems in Low-Resource Settings

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