Review on grid-forming converter control methods in high-proportion renewable energy power systems

Teng, Yuting; Deng, Wei; Pei, Wei; Li, Yifeng; Dingv, Li; Ye, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.gloei.2022.06.010

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In the system, if part of the IBR is grid-forming and the remaining are grid-following inverters, then it is obtained that the frequency response is still relatively stable because all the machine dynamics disappear. It is discovered that the frequency response for a transition from one steady state to another is even better than that of a traditional synchronous machine-dominated system [70][71][72]. So, GFM can do better than distinguished machines on frequency control.…”

Section: Dynamic Behavior and Small Signal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Control Paradigms and Emerging Trends of Grid-Forming Inverters—A Comparative Study

Rahman,

Hashimoto,

Orihara

et al. 2024

Energies

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Grid-forming inverters (GFMs) have emerged as crucial components in modern power systems, facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources and enhancing grid stability. The significance of GFMs lies in their ability to autonomously establish grid voltage and frequency, enabling grids to form and improve system flexibility. Discussing control methods for grid-forming inverters is paramount due to their crucial role in shaping grid dynamics and ensuring reliable power delivery. This paper explores the fundamental and advanced control methods employed by GFMs, explaining their operational principles and performance characteristics. Basic control methods typically involve droop control, voltage and frequency regulation, and power-balancing techniques to maintain grid stability under varying operating conditions. Advanced control strategies encompass predictive control, model predictive control (MPC), and adaptive control, which influence advanced algorithms and real-time data for enhanced system responsiveness and efficiency. A detailed analysis and performance comparison of different control methods for GFM is presented, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and suitability for diverse grid environments. Through comprehensive studies, this research interprets the ability of various control strategies to mitigate grid disturbances, optimize power flow, and enhance overall system stability.

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Section: Dynamic Behavior and Small Signal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Control Paradigms and Emerging Trends of Grid-Forming Inverters—A Comparative Study

Rahman,

Hashimoto,

Orihara

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…Figure 1 shows the topology of GFM converter and its control strategies, where subscripts d and q represent the direct and quadrature axes, subscript gsc means belonging the the grid-side converter, subscript mg means belonging to the main grid or MG, superscript * implies the commanded signal, i is the current, V is the voltage, R is the resistance, L is the inductance, P and Q are the active and reactive powers, and α is the voltage phase angle. It should be noted that, in islanding mode, grid-forming converters do not typically rely on a phase-locked loop (known as PLL) since they operate independently to establish and control the voltage and frequency of the islanding grid [11]. As shown in Figure 1, voltage and frequency references (i.e., the outputs of PI-based voltage and current control loops) are generated by applying PI control to the output voltage and frequency of a GFM converter [22,23].…”

Section: Proposed Grid-forming Converter Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On one hand, grid-forming (GFM) converters offer several advantages compared to conventional grid-following converters, making them a critical component in MGs [9]. Consequently, GFM converters play a vital role in such MGs, as they are responsible for establishing and maintaining grid stability, particularly in low-inertia MGs [10,11].…”

Section: Introduction 1significance and Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust-Adaptive Controllers Designed for Grid-Forming Converters Ensuring Various Low-Inertia Microgrid Conditions

Pinthurat,

Kongsuk,

Marungsri

2023

Smart Cities

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As the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and distributed generations (DGs) increases, the need for stable and reliable operation of microgrids (MGs) becomes crucial. However, the inherent low inertia of such systems poses intricate control challenges that necessitate innovative solutions. To tackle these issues, this paper presents the development of robust-adaptive controllers tailored specifically for grid-forming (GFM) converters. The proposed adaptive-robust controllers are designed to accommodate the diverse range of scenarios encountered in low-inertia MGs. The proposed approach applies both the robust control techniques and adaptive control strategies, thereby offering an effective means to ensure stable and seamless converter performance under varying operating conditions. The efficacy of the introduced adaptive-robust controllers for GFM converters is validated within a low-inertia MG, which is characterized by substantial penetration of converter-interfaced resources. The validation also encompasses diverse MG operational scenarios and conditions.

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A New Secondary Frequency Control Method for Distributed VSGs in Island Operation

Teng,

Deng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Review on grid-forming converter control methods in high-proportion renewable energy power systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Reviewing Control Paradigms and Emerging Trends of Grid-Forming Inverters—A Comparative Study

Reviewing Control Paradigms and Emerging Trends of Grid-Forming Inverters—A Comparative Study

Robust-Adaptive Controllers Designed for Grid-Forming Converters Ensuring Various Low-Inertia Microgrid Conditions

A New Secondary Frequency Control Method for Distributed VSGs in Island Operation

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