Review on Pandemic Outbreak of Coronavirus (Covid-19): Virology, Available Treatment, Prevention, and Future Projection

Kanavaje, Abhijit Mohan; Sansare, Vipul

doi:10.31069/japsr.v3i1.1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although CoV genome can function directly as efficient mRNAs in cells due to the 5¢methylguanosine cap structure along with poly (A) tails, still only a portion of replicase genes that precedes structural and accessory genes are translated. Then, the replicase genes will use template genomic RNA to produce complementary negative strands where mRNA encoding viral proteins are transcribed (46). As a result of discontinuous transcription, a nested set of subgenomic RNAs at 3¢ end is synthesized characterizing Nidovirales order that stands for nested in Latin.…”

Section: Virus Structure and Genomic Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring SARS-CoV-2 Spikes Glycoproteins for Designing Potential Antiviral Targets

2021

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Till today, the globe is still struggling with the newly emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and known as coronavirus disease 2019 . It has resulted in multiple fatalities from SARSs all around the world. A year after the global pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported more than 79 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 1.7 million deaths, making it one of the worst and most difficult pandemics encompassed in the modern history. The ongoing triad of escalating infections, mortality, and economic loss has urgently called for recognizing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry mechanisms as a crucial step in the initial stages of infection and to which possible interventional strategies should be targeted. To mediate host cell infections, Coronaviruses utilize the immunogenic studded spikes glycoproteins on its surface as a key factor for attachment, fusion, and entrance to host cells. Herein, we shed the light on a potential strategy involving disruption of SARS-CoV-2 S protein interaction with host cell receptors through design of neutralizing antibodies targeting receptor binding domain in S1 subunit, small peptide inhibitors, peptide fusion inhibitors against S2, host cell angiotensin converting enzymes 2 (ACE2), and protease inhibitors, aiming to pave the way for controlling viral cell entrance. In this review, we also highlight the recent research advances in the antiviral drugs that target the highly exposed spike protein, aiming to stem the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Virus Structure and Genomic Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%